Background The overactivation of the threat-defence system combined with an underdeveloped affiliative system has been emphasised as important in psychosis, usually leading to negative affect and impaired social functioning. Difficulties in feeling safe and content in relationships with others, common in individuals with psychotic symptoms, have been linked to two specific outputs of the threat-defence system: Paranoid ideation and external shame. This study sought to explore the associations between paranoid ideation, external shame, and social safeness. Methods Participants diagnosed with psychotic disorders (N = 37) completed a series of self-report questionnaires. Results Results showed a significant negative association between social safeness and external shame and frequency of paranoid ideation, while external shame was positively associated with both frequency and distress of paranoid ideation. Results revealed that the relationship between frequency of paranoid ideation and social safeness was mediated by external shame. Conclusions These findings suggest that feelings of being inferior and subordinate in the eyes of others increases vulnerability to difficulties in social connectedness and safeness. Treatment for paranoid ideation could benefit from integrating strategies to help patients deal with shame.

中文翻译：

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外在羞耻作为精神病患者偏执与社会安全之间的中介

背景 威胁防御系统的过度激活与不发达的附属系统相结合已被强调在精神病中很重要，通常会导致负面影响和社会功能受损。在有精神病症状的个体中，在与他人的关系中感到安全和满足的困难与威胁防御系统的两个特定输出有关：偏执观念和外部羞耻。本研究旨在探讨偏执观念、外部羞耻感和社会安全感之间的关联。方法 被诊断患有精神障碍的参与者 (N = 37) 完成了一系列自我报告问卷。结果 结果表明，社会安全感与外部羞耻感和偏执观念频率之间存在显着的负相关，而外部羞耻感与偏执观念的频率和痛苦呈正相关。结果表明，偏执观念的频率与社会安全感之间的关系是由外部羞耻感介导的。结论 这些研究结果表明，在他人眼中自卑和从属的感觉会增加在社会联系和安全方面遇到困难的脆弱性。偏执观念的治疗可以从整合策略中受益，以帮助患者应对羞耻感。结论 这些研究结果表明，在他人眼中自卑和从属的感觉会增加在社会联系和安全方面遇到困难的脆弱性。偏执观念的治疗可以从整合策略中受益，以帮助患者应对羞耻感。结论 这些研究结果表明，在他人眼中自卑和从属的感觉会增加在社会联系和安全方面遇到困难的脆弱性。偏执观念的治疗可以从整合策略中受益，以帮助患者应对羞耻感。