This work re-investigates the pollution haven hypothesis in the context of Pakistan for the time span 1975–2016 by employing a non-linear autoregressive distribution lag (NARDL) approach. The empirical findings validate an symmetric association between FDI inflow and ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ emissions in both the short and long run. Further, agriculture has an insignifancant positive impact on ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ emissions, while trade oppenness and population growth have significant negative impacts on ${\mathrm{CO}}_2\mathrm{ }$emissions in both the short and long run. Morover, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita has significant positive, while GDP per capita squared has significant negative, effects on ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ emissions in the short and long run, hence confirming the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Findings overall confirm the applicability of both the pollution haven and EKC hypotheses in Pakistan. The government should focus on FDI inflow, because the adoption of clean technologies by foreign firms to invest in Pakistan is crucial to curtailing ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ emissions.

这项工作通过采用非线性自回归分布滞后（NARDL）方法，重新研究了1975年至2016年期间巴基斯坦的污染天堂假说。实证结果验证了外国直接投资流入与外国直接投资之间的对称联系。${\mathrm{一氧化碳}}_2$短期和长期排放。此外，农业对农业产生了微不足道的积极影响${\mathrm{一氧化碳}}_2$ 排放，而贸易机会和人口增长对 ${\mathrm{一氧化碳}}_2\mathrm{ }$短期和长期排放。此外，人均国内生产总值（GDP）显着为正，而人均GDP的平方为显着负，对${\mathrm{一氧化碳}}_2$短期和长期排放量，因此证实了环境库兹涅茨曲线假说。总体而言，调查结果证实了污染天堂和EKC假设在巴基斯坦的适用性。政府应将重点放在外国直接投资的流入上，因为外国公司在巴基斯坦投资采用清洁技术对减少外国直接投资至关重要。${\mathrm{一氧化碳}}_2$ 排放。