Abstract In most cities, urban growth follows a sprawl pattern. In the Melbourne metropolitan area, the Plan Melbourne (2017–2050) was formulated with the aim of reducing sprawl and encouraging sustainable growth. However, the Internet research has shown that in the metropolitan area of Melbourne, no studies aiming to investigate the urban growth using satellite images and analyzing compact urban growth drivers (CUGDs) have been conducted. The objectives of this study of the Melbourne metropolitan area are as follows: 1) Analyzing spatial-temporal changes of normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) 2) Analyzing CUGDs 3) Evaluating the relationship between NDBI and CUGDs. 4) Determining the type of growth in metropolitan area divisions regarding NDBI and CUGDs (2001–2016). To calculate NDBI and urban built-up areas Landsat satellite images were used. Five indicators of population density, separate house density, apartment house density, public transportation usage ratio and distance from the city center were analyzed as CUGDs. The relationship between NDBI and CUGDs was assessed using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). GIS and ENVI software packages were used for these analyses. The findings revealed that outer Melbourne has experienced the highest rate of change in built-up areas and the direction of developments are toward west, north and south-east in conformity with the government policies. The highest annual rate of change belongs to apartment house density. During 2001–2006, it was 67%, during 2006–2011 45%, during 2011–2016 58%, and during 2001–2016, 61% of the variation in NDBI was explained by the variables. Changes in NDBI under various CUGDs conditions led to the formation of patterns conceptualized at the level of thirty-one local governments (LGs). Based on this study's findings, practical strategies should be formulated to guide the future development of the city and to achieve the Plan Melbourne (2017–2050) objective.

中文翻译：

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墨尔本城市增长的时空分析；从 2001 年到 2016 年，地方政府区域是向紧凑型还是蔓延型发展？

摘要 在大多数城市，城市增长遵循扩张模式。在墨尔本大都市区，制定了墨尔本计划（2017-2050），旨在减少蔓延并鼓励可持续增长。然而，互联网研究表明，在墨尔本大都市区，尚未开展旨在利用卫星图像调查城市增长和分析紧凑型城市增长驱动因素 (CUGD) 的研究。本次墨尔本大都市区研究的目标如下： 1) 分析归一化差异累积指数 (NDBI) 的时空变化 2) 分析 CUGD 3) 评估 NDBI 和 CUGD 之间的关系。4) 确定关于 NDBI 和 CUGD 的大都市区划分的增长类型（2001-2016）。为了计算 NDBI 和城市建成区，使用了 Landsat 卫星图像。将人口密度、独立住宅密度、公寓住宅密度、公共交通使用率和距市中心距离五个指标作为CUGD进行分析。使用普通最小二乘法 (OLS) 评估 NDBI 和 CUGD 之间的关系。GIS 和 ENVI 软件包用于这些分析。调查结果显示，墨尔本外围的建成区变化率最高，并且按照政府的政策，发展方向是向西、向北和向东南方向发展。最高的年变化率属于公寓住宅密度。2001-2006 年为 67%，2006-2011 年为 45%，2011-2016 年为 58%，2001-2016 年 61% 的 NDBI 变化由变量解释。不同 CUGD 条件下 NDBI 的变化导致了在 31 个地方政府 (LGs) 层面概念化的模式的形成。根据本研究的结果，应制定切实可行的策略来指导城市的未来发展并实现墨尔本规划（2017-2050）的目标。