ABSTRACT A growing body of evidence demonstrates that attitudes toward nonhuman animals correlate with attitudes toward disadvantaged human groups. It has been suggested that the connection rests in the ideology of social dominance. Endorsement of social hierarchy and intergroup domination is thought to extend to both human intergroup and human– animal contexts. The present research tested this reasoning by examining the scope and basis of the relation between speciesism and human inter-group attitudes. It was hypothesized that speciesism would predict less positive attitudes toward low-status groups (e.g., disadvantaged ethnic minorities) and those who support social change (e.g., feminists) but that it would be uncorrelated with attitudes toward stigmatized groups that are unmarked by social status (e.g., atheists). Two studies (Study 1, n = 98; Study 2, n = 82) tested this prediction using survey measures of speciesism, social dominance orientation, and attitudes toward 31 human groups including those noted above. Participants were first- and second-year university students in a mid-sized university in Ontario, Canada. As hypothesized, in both studies speciesism predicted less positive attitudes primarily toward low-status groups and groups that support social change. Further, relations between speciesism and intergroup attitudes were explained by their shared connection with social dominance orientation. These data contribute to the growing body of evidence showing links between speciesism and prejudice by illustrating that their shared emphasis on support for social hierarchy gives rise to a specific pattern of intergroup attitudes—one that supports inequality.

中文翻译：

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物种主义预测对低地位和等级制度衰减的人类群体的偏见

摘要 越来越多的证据表明，对非人类动物的态度与对弱势群体的态度相关。有人认为，这种联系取决于社会支配地位的意识形态。社会等级制度和群体间支配的认可被认为扩展到人类群体间和人类-动物环境。本研究通过检查物种歧视与人类群体间态度之间关系的范围和基础来检验这一推理。假设物种歧视会预测对低地位群体（例如，弱势少数民族）和支持社会变革的人（例如，女权主义者）的不太积极的态度，但它与对没有社会地位的污名化群体的态度无关（例如，无神论者）。两项研究（研究 1，n = 98；研究 2，n = 82）使用物种歧视、社会优势取向和对 31 个人类群体（包括上述群体）的态度的调查措施测试了这一预测。参与者是加拿大安大略省一所中等规模大学的一年级和二年级大学生。正如假设的那样，在这两项研究中，物种歧视预测主要是对低地位群体和支持社会变革的群体的积极态度不那么积极。此外，物种主义和群际态度之间的关系可以通过它们与社会支配取向的共同联系来解释。这些数据有助于越来越多的证据表明物种歧视和偏见之间存在联系，因为他们共同强调支持社会等级制度导致了一种特定的群体间态度模式——一种支持不平等的态度。n = 82) 使用物种歧视、社会支配取向和对 31 个人类群体（包括上述群体）的态度的调查措施测试了这一预测。参与者是加拿大安大略省一所中等规模大学的一年级和二年级大学生。正如假设的那样，在这两项研究中，物种歧视预测主要是对低地位群体和支持社会变革的群体的积极态度不那么积极。此外，物种主义和群际态度之间的关系可以通过它们与社会支配取向的共同联系来解释。这些数据有助于越来越多的证据表明物种歧视和偏见之间存在联系，因为他们共同强调支持社会等级制度导致了一种特定的群体间态度模式——一种支持不平等的态度。n = 82) 使用物种歧视、社会优势取向和对 31 个人类群体（包括上述群体）的态度的调查措施测试了这一预测。参与者是加拿大安大略省一所中等规模大学的一年级和二年级大学生。正如假设的那样，在这两项研究中，物种歧视预测主要是对低地位群体和支持社会变革的群体的积极态度不那么积极。此外，物种主义和群际态度之间的关系可以通过它们与社会支配取向的共同联系来解释。这些数据有助于越来越多的证据表明物种歧视和偏见之间存在联系，因为他们共同强调支持社会等级制度导致了一种特定的群体间态度模式——一种支持不平等的态度。