Abstract Blockchain, the technology underlying bitcoin, is an emerging financial technology (FinTech) that is poised to have strategic impacts on organizations. Because it is a new phenomenon, there are few studies on blockchain, and those studies have focused mainly on the technology’s potential impacts, whereas how to effectively implement it in an organization remains unknown. Our study intends to fill that gap. Using affordance-actualization (A-A) theory as the theoretical lens, we conducted a case study of blockchain implementation in an organization that has effectively implemented it. We identify three affordances of blockchain in the organization and a process model whereby these affordances are actualized. The process model extends A-A theory by adding an experimentation phase where blockchain’s use cases within the organization are identified, developed and tested through conceptual adaptation and constraint mitigation. Our study makes important theoretical contributions to the literature on A-A theory, blockchain, information technology (IT) implementation, and strategic information systems (SIS). Our study can also help IT practitioners to implement blockchain effectively and extract value from their investment.

中文翻译：

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金融科技的资助，实验和实现：一项区块链实施研究

摘要区块链是比特币的基础技术，是一种新兴的金融技术（FinTech），有望对组织产生战略影响。由于它是一种新现象，因此对区块链的研究很少，而这些研究主要集中在技术的潜在影响上，而如何在组织中有效实施该技术仍然未知。我们的研究旨在填补这一空白。我们使用可负担性实现（AA）理论作为理论视角，我们在有效实施区块链的组织中进行了案例研究。我们确定了组织中区块链的三种支持和实现这些支持的过程模型。流程模型通过添加一个实验阶段扩展了机管局理论，该阶段通过概念性适应和约束缓解来识别，开发和测试组织内的区块链用例。我们的研究为有关AA理论，区块链，信息技术（IT）实施和战略信息系统（SIS）的文献做出了重要的理论贡献。我们的研究还可以帮助IT从业人员有效地实施区块链并从投资中获取价值。