Abstract The concept of the OOS of spacecraft can be traced back to the 1960s, when the main focus was on providing the necessary maintenance to advance the lifetime of spacecraft and extending the scale and function through on-orbit assembly. During the past decades, the Hubble Space Telescope has made great contributions to the fields of astronomy and physics through both observational data and the success of five OOS missions to overcome big challenges. That included an initial flaw of its primary mirror and subsequent obstacles associated with replacing and upgrading its science instruments. Furthermore, many programs have been carried out in the area of the OOS of spacecraft with successful operations in space. It could be exemplified by the assembly of the International Space Station, service verification of ETS-VII and Orbital Express, and detailed research for future applications including servicer and client satellites and particularly large space systems. This paper attempts to summarize all reported programs of the OOS in terms of engineering developments and provide an overall perspective for investigators in this field. Based on the reviewed programs, an analysis is carried out to elucidate the logical architectures of the mission and technology of the OOS of spacecraft. Further attention is paid to discussions of the enabling technologies that support the development of the OOS and related spacecraft. As an outlook, the future development and challenges of the OOS and the application of novel technologies are finally discussed to extend the present review work.

中文翻译：

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航天器在轨服务（OOS）：工程发展回顾

摘要 航天器 OOS 的概念可以追溯到 1960 年代，当时的主要重点是提供必要的维护以延长航天器的寿命，并通过在轨组装来扩展规模和功能。在过去的几十年里，哈勃太空望远镜通过观测数据和五次 OOS 任务的成功克服了重大挑战，为天文学和物理学领域做出了巨大贡献。这包括其主镜的初始缺陷以及与更换和升级其科学仪器相关的后续障碍。此外，在航天器 OOS 领域开展了许多计划，并在太空中成功运行。例如国际空间站的组装、ETS-VII和轨道快车的服务验证，以及未来应用的详细研究，包括服务和客户卫星以及特别是大型空间系统。本文试图从工程发展的角度总结所有报告的 OOS 计划，并为该领域的研究人员提供一个整体视角。在审查的程序的基础上，进行了分析，阐明了航天器OOS的任务和技术的逻辑架构。进一步关注支持 OOS 和相关航天器发展的使能技术的讨论。作为展望，最后讨论了 OOS 的未来发展和挑战以及新技术的应用，以扩展当前的审查工作。