Malaria remains a major threat to public health. Long-Lasting Insecticide-treated Nets (LLINs) and Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) have been widely adopted as important malaria prevention and control interventions and have contributed to significant reduction in malaria incidence. However, recently malaria resurgence has been reported in different countries, including Rwanda, indicating that current attempts to control and eliminate malaria may be failing due to environmental changes and changes in human behaviour. Engaging citizens in malaria prevention and control would help them to identify and prioritize their own health concerns and be able to make appropriate decisions. A citizen science approach to monitor ecological changes by providing timely information is likely to support more effective and consistent use of malaria prevention and control interventions. However, the application of citizen science in malaria prevention and control has lagged behind when comparing with areas of disease diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the determinants of participation in such a citizen science program have not been fully analyzed. This paper presents a conceptual model of likely determinants of participation in connective action (sharing and exchange of malaria-related information), effective and consistent use of malaria preventive and control measures (LLINs and IRS) and collective action (participating in public goods for malaria prevention). The model will guide future research on behavioural and contextual factors and may enhance the effective and consistent use of malaria preventive and control interventions.

疟疾仍然是对公共卫生的主要威胁。长期使用杀虫剂处理的蚊帐（LLIN）和室内残留喷雾剂（IRS）已被广泛用作重要的疟疾预防和控制干预措施，并大大降低了疟疾的发病率。但是，最近在包括卢旺达在内的不同国家都报告了疟疾的死灰复燃，这表明由于环境变化和人类行为的改变，目前控制和消除疟疾的努力可能失败了。让公民参与疟疾的预防和控制将有助于他们确定自己的健康问题并确定其优先顺序，并能够做出适当的决定。通过提供及时的信息来监测生态变化的公民科学方法可能会支持更有效和一致地使用疟疾预防和控制干预措施。但是，与疾病诊断和治疗领域相比，公民科学在疟疾预防和控制中的应用落后。此外，尚未全面分析参与此类公民科学计划的决定因素。本文提出了一个概念模型，该模型可能涉及以下因素：参与结缔行动（共享和交流与疟疾有关的信息），有效和持续使用疟疾预防和控制措施（LLIN和IRS）以及集体行动（参与疟疾公共物品）预防）。