Environmental factors can influence the yield and biochemistry of medicinal plants playing as natural tools for improvement or limiting herbal productivity and quality under controlled environment conditions. This study investigated the impacts of constant air temperature (15, 20, 25 °C) and air humidity (50, 70, 90%) on content, composition, antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation potential of essential oil, carotenoids, polyphenols of Thymus transcaucasicus under controlled environment conditions. The metabolite profile of Caucasian endemic thyme was analysed, bioactive compounds were quantified and their health-promoting properties were analyzed in bioassays. In climatic chambers the highest contents of essential oil, carotenoids and polyphenols were 0.553%, 110.8 mg% and 0.550 mM GAE, respectively. The main components of essential oil were borneol, α-terpineol, carvacrol, thymol, geraniol, linalool, 1,8-cineole and geranyl acetat. Lutein, zeaxanthin, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, α-carotene and β-carotene were the major carotenoids, while polyphenols mainly consisted of phenolic acids and the dominant compound was rosmarinic acid. It was found that the comparatively high air temperature and humidity impacted positively on herbal productivity, while the content and yield of essential oil reached a maximum at high air temperature and low air humidity. 20 °C and 50% were found to be more effective for the best recovery of carotenoids and polyphenols, while the second peak of polyphenols was registered at 90% air humidity. The compositions of essential oil, carotenoids and polyphenols were mostly influenced by environmental temperature and humidity with different relationships. The environmental stress had a significant impact on antioxidative capacity and lipid peroxidation potential of carotenoids and polyphenols, while the health-promoting capacity of essential oil was affected to a lesser extent. Such biochemical response to environmental stress is important part of adaptation strategies of herbs and can be used as natural tool for the controlled production of high-quality herbal plant materials.

环境因素可能会影响药用植物的产量和生物化学，这些药物在受控的环境条件下充当改善或限制草药生产力和质量的天然工具。这项研究调查了恒定温度（15、20、25°C）和空气湿度（50、70、90％）对精油，百里香，百里香和百里香的含量，组成，抗氧化能力和脂质过氧化电位的影响。在受控环境条件下。分析了白种人地方性百里香的代谢产物，对生物活性化合物进行了定量，并在生物测定中分析了它们对健康的促进作用。在气候室中，香精油，类胡萝卜素和多酚的最高含量分别为0.553％，110.8 mg％和0.550 mM GAE。香精油的主要成分是冰片，α-松油醇，香芹酚，百里酚，香叶醇，芳樟醇，1,8-桉树脑和香叶基乙酸酯。叶黄素，玉米黄质，叶绿素a，叶绿素b，α-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素是主要的类胡萝卜素，而多酚主要由酚酸组成，主要化合物为迷迭香酸。结果发现，较高的气温和湿度对草药的生产力产生了积极的影响，而在高温，低空气湿度下，精油的含量和收率达到最高。发现20°C和50％可以更有效地回收类胡萝卜素和多酚，而多酚的第二个峰记录在90％的空气湿度下。香精油，类胡萝卜素和多酚的成分主要受环境温度和湿度的不同影响。环境胁迫对类胡萝卜素和多酚的抗氧化能力和脂质过氧化潜力有显着影响，而对精油的健康促进能力影响较小。