Abstract The stratospheric polar vortex strengthening from late winter to spring plays a crucial role in polar ozone depletion. The Arctic polar vortex reaches its peak intensity in mid-winter, whereas the Antarctic vortex usually strengthens in early spring. As a result, the strong ozone depletion is observed every year over the Antarctic, while over the Arctic short-term ozone loss occasionally occurs in late winter or early spring. However, the cause of such a difference in the life cycles of the Arctic and Antarctic polar vortices is still not completely clear. Based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis data, we show a high agreement between the seasonal variations of temperature in the subtropical lower stratosphere and zonal wind in the subpolar and polar lower stratosphere in the Southern Hemisphere. Thus, the spring strengthening of the Antarctic polar vortex can occur due to the seasonal temperature increase in the subtropical lower stratosphere in this period.

中文翻译：

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南极极地涡旋春季加强的原因

摘要 冬末至春季平流层极地涡旋加强对极地臭氧消耗起着至关重要的作用。北极极地涡旋在仲冬达到峰值强度，而南极涡旋通常在早春加强。因此，每年南极上空都会观察到强烈的臭氧消耗，而北极上空的短期臭氧损失偶尔会发生在冬末或早春。然而，导致北极和南极极地涡旋生命周期出现这种差异的原因尚不完全清楚。基于 ERA-Interim 再分析数据，我们显示出副热带低平流层温度的季节性变化与南半球副极地和平流层极地低平流层的纬向风高度一致。因此，