Abstract Global mean surface temperature (GMST) during 1910–2012 experienced four alternated rapid warming and warming hiatus phases. Such a temporal variation is primarily determined by global mean sea surface temperature (SST) component. The relative roles of ocean dynamic and thermodynamic processes in causing such global mean SST variations are investigated, using two methods. The first method is ocean mixed layer heat budget analysis. The budget diagnosis result shows that the thermodynamic processes dominate in the rapid warming phases, while the ocean dynamics dominate during the hiatus phases. The second method relies on the diagnosis of a simple equilibrium state model. This model captures well the horizontal distribution of SST difference between two warmer and cooler equilibrium states during either the rapid warming or hiatus phases. It is found that the SST difference during the rapid warming phases is primarily controlled by the increase of downward longwave radiation as both column integrated water vapor and CO2 increase during the phases. During the hiatus phases, the water vapor induced greenhouse effect offsets the CO2 effect, and the SST cooling tendency is primarily determined by the ocean dynamics over the Southern Ocean and tropical Pacific. The SST pattern associated with the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) might be responsible for the remote and local ocean dynamic responses through induced wind change.

中文翻译：

---

过去 100 年动态和热力学过程在导致正负全球平均海温趋势中的相对作用

摘要 1910-2012 年全球平均地表温度 (GMST) 经历了四个交替的快速变暖和变暖中断阶段。这种时间变化主要由全球平均海面温度 (SST) 分量决定。使用两种方法研究了海洋动力和热动力过程在导致这种全球平均海温变化中的相对作用。第一种方法是海洋混合层热量收支分析。收支诊断结果表明，热力学过程在快速变暖阶段占主导地位，而海洋动力学在中断阶段占主导地位。第二种方法依赖于对简单平衡状态模型的诊断。该模型很好地捕捉了快速变暖或中断阶段期间两个较暖和较冷平衡状态之间 SST 差异的水平分布。发现快速升温阶段的 SST 差异主要受向下长波辐射的增加控制，因为在该阶段期间柱积分水蒸气和 CO2 增加。在中断阶段，水汽引起的温室效应抵消了 CO2 效应，SST 冷却趋势主要由南大洋和热带太平洋上空的海洋动力学决定。与年代际太平洋涛动 (IPO) 相关的 SST 模式可能是通过诱发的风变化导致远程和局部海洋动力响应的原因。水蒸气引起的温室效应抵消了 CO2 效应，SST 冷却趋势主要由南大洋和热带太平洋上空的海洋动力学决定。与年代际太平洋涛动 (IPO) 相关的 SST 模式可能是通过诱发的风变化导致远程和局部海洋动力响应的原因。水蒸气引起的温室效应抵消了 CO2 效应，SST 冷却趋势主要由南大洋和热带太平洋上空的海洋动力学决定。与年代际太平洋涛动 (IPO) 相关的 SST 模式可能是通过诱发的风变化导致远程和局部海洋动力响应的原因。