Despite significant effort devoted to developing new treatments and procedures, cardiac disease is still one of the leading causes of death in the world. The loss of myocytes due to ischemic injury remains a major therapeutic challenge. However, cell-based therapy to repair the injured heart has shown significant promise in basic and translation research and in clinical trials. Embryonic stem cells have been successfully used to improve cardiac outcomes. Unfortunately, treatment with these cells is complicated by ethical and legal issues. Recent progress in developing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using non-viral vectors has made it possible to derive cardiomyocytes for therapy. This review will focus on these non-integration-based approaches for reprogramming and their therapeutic advantages for cardiovascular medicine.

尽管致力于开发新的治疗方法和程序，心脏疾病仍然是世界上主要的死亡原因之一。由于缺血性损伤导致的心肌细胞损失仍然是主要的治疗挑战。然而，在基础和翻译研究以及临床试验中，基于细胞的修复受损心脏的疗法已显示出巨大的希望。胚胎干细胞已成功用于改善心脏预后。不幸的是，道德和法律问题使这些细胞的治疗变得复杂。使用非病毒载体开发诱导性多能干细胞（iPSC）的最新进展使得获得用于治疗的心肌细胞成为可能。这篇综述将集中于这些基于非整合的重编程方法及其对心血管医学的治疗优势。