Yardangs are landforms created by enigmatic processes. Sedimentary facies characteristic of yardang strata illustrate their vulnerability to wind erosion, which is important for understanding their morphological development. However, the lack of systematic research on the provenance of these geological structures and the sedimentary environment that led to their development have limited the conception of a yardang sedimentary model. In this study, we apply geochemical analysis to investigate yardang sediments from the Dunhuang Yardang National Geopark to characterize the provenance and the sedimentary environment through conventions based on the differentiation and aggregation of chemical elements. Results show that Beishan Mountain, Altyn-Tagh, Lop Nur, and the Shule River are all key material sources for the development of Dunhuang yardang, of which the Beishan Mountains and Altyn-Tagh predominate. As determined by geomorphological patterns, yardang transportation and sedimentary processes can be divided into three distinct types: alluvial flooding from Beishan Mountain and Altyn-Tagh, direct deposition from Lop Nur and the Shule River (as illustrated in river-lake facies), and sediment re-transportation during river-lake phases following weathering processes. According to our results, the sedimentary environment of the Dunhuang yardang field is composed of fluvial, lacustrine, alluvial, and aeolian strata. With regards to its sedimentary evolution, the Dunhuang yardang field is characterized by periodic deposition both aeolian and aqueous sediments, and the profiles exhibit obvious differences respective to their paleogeomorphic patterns. Our findings are theoretically significant for understanding the formation and development of yardang landforms and practically significant for protecting these geological relics.

Yardangs是由神秘过程创建的地貌。ang港地层的沉积相特征表明其易受风蚀的影响，这对于了解其形态发展具有重要意义。然而，由于缺乏对这些地质构造物源和导致其发展的沉积环境的系统研究，因而限制了yardang沉积模型的概念。在这项研究中，我们运用地球化学分析来研究敦煌亚当国家地质公园的亚当邦沉积物，通过基于化学元素的区分和聚集的惯例来表征物源和沉积环境。结果表明，北山，阿尔金—塔格，罗布泊和疏勒河都是敦煌万向湖发展的重要物质来源，其中北山和阿尔金-塔格占主导地位。根据地貌形态的确定，亚次邦的运移和沉积过程可以分为三种不同的类型：北山和阿尔金-塔格的冲积洪水，罗布泊和疏勒河的直接沉积（如河湖相所示）和沉积物。在风化过程之后的河湖阶段重新运输。根据我们的研究结果，敦煌万院场的沉积环境由河流，湖泊，冲积和风沙地层组成。就沉积演化而言，敦煌万塘油田的特征是风沙和含水沉积物的周期性沉积，其剖面表现出明显的古地貌差异。