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Energy conditions in general relativity and quantum field theory
Classical and Quantum Gravity ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-19 , DOI: 10.1088/1361-6382/ab8fcf
Eleni-Alexandra Kontou 1, 2 , Ko Sanders 1, 3
Affiliation  

This review summarizes the current status of the energy conditions in general relativity and quantum field theory. We provide a historical review and a summary of technical results and applications, complemented with a few new derivations and discussions. We pay special attention to the role of the equations of motion and to the relation between classical and quantum theories. Pointwise energy conditions were first introduced as physically reasonable restrictions on matter in the context of general relativity. They aim to express e.g. the positivity of mass or the attractiveness of gravity. Perhaps more importantly, they have been used as assumptions in mathematical relativity to prove singularity theorems and the non-existence of wormholes and similar exotic phenomena. However, the delicate balance between conceptual simplicity, general validity and strong results has faced serious challenges, because all pointwise energy conditions are systematically violated by quantum fields and also by some rather simple classical fields. In response to these challenges, weaker statements were introduced, such as quantum energy inequalities and averaged energy conditions. These have a larger range of validity and may still suffice to prove at least some of the earlier results. One of these conditions, the achronal averaged null energy condition, has recently received increased attention. It is expected to be a universal property of the dynamics of all gravitating physical matter, even in the context of semiclassical or quantum gravity.

中文翻译:

广义相对论和量子场论中的能量条件

这篇综述总结了广义相对论和量子场论中能量条件的现状。我们提供了历史回顾和技术成果和应用的总结,并辅以一些新的推导和讨论。我们特别关注运动方程的作用以及经典理论和量子理论之间的关系。在广义相对论的背景下,逐点能量条件首先被引入作为对物质的物理上合理的限制。它们旨在表达例如质量的积极性或引力的吸引力。也许更重要的是,它们已被用作数学相对论中的假设,以证明奇点定理以及虫洞和类似奇异现象的不存在。然而,概念简单性之间的微妙平衡,普遍有效性和强有力的结果面临着严峻的挑战,因为量子场和一些相当简单的经典场都系统地违反了所有逐点能量条件。为了应对这些挑战,引入了较弱的陈述,例如量子能量不等式和平均能量条件。这些具有更大的有效性范围,并且可能仍然足以证明至少一些早期的结果。这些条件之一,即非时态平均零能量条件,最近受到越来越多的关注。即使在半经典或量子引力的背景下,它也有望成为所有引力物理物质动力学的普遍属性。因为量子场和一些相当简单的经典场都系统地违反了所有逐点能量条件。为了应对这些挑战,引入了较弱的陈述,例如量子能量不等式和平均能量条件。这些具有更大的有效性范围,并且可能仍然足以证明至少一些早期的结果。这些条件之一,即非时态平均零能量条件,最近受到越来越多的关注。即使在半经典或量子引力的背景下,它也有望成为所有引力物理物质动力学的普遍属性。因为量子场和一些相当简单的经典场都系统地违反了所有逐点能量条件。为了应对这些挑战,引入了较弱的陈述,例如量子能量不等式和平均能量条件。这些具有更大的有效性范围,并且可能仍然足以证明至少一些早期的结果。这些条件之一,即非时态平均零能量条件,最近受到越来越多的关注。即使在半经典或量子引力的背景下,它也有望成为所有引力物理物质动力学的普遍属性。这些具有更大的有效性范围,并且可能仍然足以证明至少一些早期的结果。这些条件之一,即非时态平均零能量条件,最近受到越来越多的关注。即使在半经典或量子引力的背景下,它也有望成为所有引力物理物质动力学的普遍属性。这些具有更大的有效性范围,并且可能仍然足以证明至少一些早期的结果。这些条件之一,即非时态平均零能量条件,最近受到越来越多的关注。即使在半经典或量子引力的背景下,它也有望成为所有引力物理物质动力学的普遍属性。
更新日期:2020-09-19
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