BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein ε4 allele (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and seems to be related to cognitive decline and damaged event-related potential P300, which is a sensitive measure to assess cognitive processing. OBJECTIVE This research aims to critically review the existing scientific evidence regarding the association between APOE4 and P300. METHODS A systematic review was carried out up to January 2020 on the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus and Medline/PubMed. Articles were considered for inclusion if they are original research that provided information regarding the association between APOE4 and P300, available in English, Spanish, or Portuguese, and available in full text. The methodological quality of the studies selected was evaluated using the quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies recommended by Cochrane. RESULTS Out of 993 studies, 14 met the inclusion criteria. The results obtained showed that APOE4 is related to a longer P300 latency. However, the data supplied do not allow us to confirm if this relationship also occurs in amplitude measures. Moreover, it was observed that APOE genotype may influence P300 in different ages, from younger individuals to demented older people. CONCLUSION Evidence shows that APOE4 negatively influences cortical activities related to cognitive functions, as indicated by P300.

中文翻译：

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载脂蛋白 E4 (APOE4) 载体中 P300 事件相关电位改变的系统评价

背景载脂蛋白ε4等位基因（APOE4）是阿尔茨海默病最强的遗传风险因素，似乎与认知能力下降和受损事件相关电位P300有关，这是评估认知加工的敏感指标。目的 本研究旨在批判性地审查有关 APOE4 和 P300 之间关联的现有科学证据。方法 对以下数据库进行了截至 2020 年 1 月的系统评价：Web of Science、Scopus 和 Medline/PubMed。如果文章是原创研究，提供了关于 APOE4 和 P300 之间关联的信息，有英语、西班牙语或葡萄牙语版本，并且有全文，则被考虑纳入。所选研究的方法学质量使用 Cochrane 推荐的观察性队列和横断面研究的质量评估工具进行评估。结果 在 993 项研究中，14 项符合纳入标准。获得的结果表明，APOE4 与更长的 P300 潜伏期有关。然而，提供的数据不允许我们确认这种关系是否也出现在幅度测量中。此外，据观察，APOE 基因型可能会影响不同年龄段的 P300，从年轻人到老年痴呆症。结论 证据表明 APOE4 对与认知功能相关的皮层活动产生负面影响，如 P300 所示。获得的结果表明，APOE4 与较长的 P300 潜伏期有关。然而，所提供的数据不允许我们确认这种关系是否也出现在幅度测量中。此外，据观察，APOE 基因型可能会影响不同年龄段的 P300，从年轻人到老年痴呆症。结论 证据表明 APOE4 对与认知功能相关的皮层活动产生负面影响，如 P300 所示。获得的结果表明，APOE4 与更长的 P300 潜伏期有关。然而，提供的数据不允许我们确认这种关系是否也出现在幅度测量中。此外，据观察，APOE 基因型可能会影响不同年龄段的 P300，从年轻人到老年痴呆症。结论 证据表明 APOE4 对与认知功能相关的皮层活动产生负面影响，如 P300 所示。