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Light intensity regulates flower visitation in Neotropical nocturnal bees.
Scientific Reports ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-18 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72047-x
Rodolfo Liporoni 1 , Guaraci Duran Cordeiro 1 , Paulo Inácio Prado 1 , Clemens Schlindwein 2 , Eric James Warrant 3 , Isabel Alves-Dos-Santos 1
Affiliation  

The foraging activity of diurnal bees often relies on flower availability, light intensity and temperature. We do not know how nocturnal bees, which fly at night and twilight, cope with these factors, especially as light levels vary considerably from night to day and from night to night due to moon phase and cloud cover. Given that bee apposition compound eyes function at their limits in dim light, we expect a strong dependence of foraging activity on light intensity in nocturnal bees. Besides being limited by minimum light levels to forage, nocturnal bees should also avoid foraging at brighter intensities, which bring increased competition with other bees. We investigated how five factors (light intensity, flower availability, temperature, humidity, and wind) affect flower visitation by Neotropical nocturnal bees in cambuci (Campomanesia phaea, Myrtaceae). We counted visits per minute over 30 nights in 33 cambuci trees. Light intensity was the main variable explaining flower visitation of nocturnal bees, which peaked at intermediate light levels occurring 25 min before sunrise. The minimum light intensity threshold to visit flowers was 0.00024 cd/m2. Our results highlight the dependence of these nocturnal insects on adequate light levels to explore resources.



中文翻译:

光照强度调节新热带夜蜂的花访。

昼间蜜蜂的觅食活动通常取决于花朵的可利用性,光强度和温度。我们不知道夜间和黄昏飞行的夜间蜜蜂如何应对这些因素,尤其是由于月相和云层覆盖,夜晚和夜晚之间的光照水平差异很大。鉴于蜜蜂并置的双眼在昏暗的光线下会发挥其极限,因此我们预计夜间活动的蜜蜂的觅食活动对光强度的依赖性很大。夜间蜜蜂除了受最低光照限制,还应避免在更明亮的强度下觅食,这会增加与其他蜜蜂的竞争。我们调查了五种因素(光强度,花朵可用性,温度,湿度和风)如何影响柬埔寨新热带夜行性蜜蜂对花朵的造访(桔梗,桃金娘科)。我们计算了30夜中33棵cambuci树的每分钟访问量。光照强度是解释夜间蜜蜂开花的主要变量,其在日出前25分钟出现的中等光照水平达到峰值。造访花的最小光强阈值为0.00024 cd / m 2。我们的结果强调了这些夜行性昆虫对足够的光照水平的依赖,以探索资源。

更新日期:2020-09-20
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