The oilseed crops Crambe abyssinica and Camelina sativa produce oils rich in erucic acid and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), respectively. After pressing the oil, a seed cake remains as a protein-rich by-product. Edible insects may convert this seed press cake and the defatted seed meal produced from it into insect biomass suitable for animal feed. Black soldier fly larvae (BSF, Hermetia illucens) can grow on a wide range of organic waste types, but may be hindered by excess protein or the plant toxins characteristic for these two oilseed crops, i.e. glucosinolates and their breakdown products. We tested the effects of 25, 50 and 100% oilseed by-product inclusion in the diet on survival, development, biomass production and fatty acid composition of BSF larvae. Larval performance on diets with up to 50% camelina by-product or 25% crambe by-product was similar to performance on control diet (chicken feed), and decreased with higher inclusion percentages. Larval fatty acid profiles differed significantly among diets, with larvae fed press cake more distinct from control than larvae fed seed meal. Larvae fed camelina press cake had more α-linolenic acid, whereas larvae fed crambe contained most oleic acid. The n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio decreased with increasing proportion of by-product, especially on camelina diets. Lauric acid content was highest in larvae fed 100% camelina meal or 50% crambe meal. These results indicate that BSF larvae can be successfully grown on diets with camelina or crambe oilseed by-products, and that the resulting larval n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio is favourable for animal feed. However, the fate of glucosinolates and their derivatives remains to be determined, to guarantee chemical safety of camelina- or crambe-fed BSF larvae for animal feed.

中文翻译：

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小菜一碟的生活：饲喂含油种子副产品的黑战士蝇fly幼虫的性能和脂肪酸谱

油料作物Crambe abyssinica和Camelina sativa生产的油分别富含芥酸和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）。榨油后，籽饼仍然是富含蛋白质的副产物。食用昆虫可能会将这种压榨饼和由此产生的脱脂种子粉转化为适合动物饲料的昆虫生物量。黑人士兵蝇幼虫（BSF，Hermetia illucens）可以在多种有机废物类型上生长，但可能因这两种油料作物的过量蛋白质或植物毒素特征而受到阻碍，即芥子油苷及其分解产物。我们测试了日粮中添加25％，50％和100％的油籽副产物对BSF幼虫的存活，发育，生物量生产和脂肪酸组成的影响。骆驼副产品含量高达50％或蛤c副产品含量达到25％的饲料中的幼虫表现与对照饲料（鸡饲料）的表现相似，但随着较高的夹杂物百分比而下降。日粮中的幼虫脂肪酸谱差异显着，以幼虫饲喂的压滤饼比以幼虫饲喂的粕粉更不同于对照。幼虫饲喂的山茶花压滤饼具有更多的α-亚麻酸，而幼虫饲喂的克拉姆布含有最多的油酸。n-6：n-3 PUFA比例随着副产物比例的增加而降低，尤其是在山茶中。喂食100％茶花粉或50％蛤c粉的幼虫中月桂酸含量最高。这些结果表明，在含有茶花或蛤ram油籽副产物的日粮中，BSF幼虫可以成功生长，并且所产生的幼虫n-6：n-3 PUFA比值有利于动物饲料。然而，芥子油苷及其衍生物的命运仍有待确定，以保证由骆驼科或克拉贝喂养的BSF幼虫作为动物饲料的化学安全性。n-3 PUFA比有利于动物饲料。然而，芥子油苷及其衍生物的命运仍有待确定，以保证由骆驼科或克拉贝喂养的BSF幼虫作为动物饲料的化学安全性。n-3 PUFA比有利于动物饲料。然而，芥子油苷及其衍生物的命运仍有待确定，以保证由骆驼科或克拉贝喂养的BSF幼虫作为动物饲料的化学安全性。