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Gene Expression in Spontaneous Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Is Linked to Human Multiple Sclerosis Risk Genes
Frontiers in Immunology ( IF 7.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-10 , DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02165
Hans Faber , Dunja Kurtoic , Gurumoorthy Krishnamoorthy , Peter Weber , Benno Pütz , Bertram Müller-Myhsok , Frank Weber , Till F. M. Andlauer

Recent genome-wide association studies have identified over 230 genetic risk loci for multiple sclerosis. Current experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models requiring active induction of disease may not be optimally suited for the characterization of the function of these genes. We have thus used gene expression profiling to study whether spontaneous opticospinal EAE (OSE) or MOG-induced EAE mirrors the genetic contribution to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis more faithfully. To this end, we compared gene expression in OSE and MOG EAE models and analyzed the relationship of both models to human multiple sclerosis risk genes and T helper cell biology. We observed stronger gene expression changes and an involvement of more pathways of the adaptive immune system in OSE than MOG EAE. Furthermore, we demonstrated a more extensive enrichment of human MS risk genes among transcripts differentially expressed in OSE than was the case for MOG EAE. Transcripts differentially expressed only in diseased OSE mice but not in MOG EAE were significantly enriched for T helper cell-specific transcripts. These transcripts are part of immune-regulatory pathways. The activation of the adaptive immune system and the enrichment of both human multiple sclerosis risk genes and T helper cell-specific transcripts were also observed in OSE mice showing only mild disease signs. These expression changes may, therefore, be indicative of processes at disease onset. In summary, more human multiple sclerosis risk genes were differentially expressed in OSE than was observed for MOG EAE, especially in TH1 cells. When studying the functional role of multiple sclerosis risk genes and pathways during disease onset and their interactions with the environment, spontaneous OSE may thus show advantages over MOG-induced EAE.



中文翻译:

自发性实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎的基因表达与人类多发性硬化症危险基因相关

最近的全基因组关联研究已经确定了超过230个多发性硬化症的遗传风险基因座。当前需要主动诱导疾病的实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)模型可能并非最适合于这些基因功能的表征。因此,我们已经使用基因表达谱来研究自发性视神经脊髓EAE(OSE)或MOG诱导的EAE是否更忠实地反映了遗传对多发性硬化症发病机制的贡献。为此,我们比较了OSE和MOG EAE模型中的基因表达,并分析了这两种模型与人类多发性硬化症风险基因和T辅助细胞生物学的关系。我们观察到,与MOG EAE相比,OSE中更强的基因表达变化和更多的适应性免疫系统途径参与其中。此外,与MOG EAE相比,我们证明了在OSE中差异表达的转录本中,人类MS风险基因的丰富程度更高。仅在患病的OSE小鼠中差异表达的转录本,而在MOG EAE中则无差异,T辅助细胞特异性转录本显着富集。这些成绩单是免疫调节途径的一部分。在仅显示轻度疾病迹象的OSE小鼠中也观察到了适应性免疫系统的激活以及人类多发性硬化症危险基因和T辅助细胞特异性转录物的富集。因此,这些表达变化可以指示疾病发作时的过程。总之,与MOG EAE相比,在OSE中差异表达的人类多发性硬化症危险基因更多,特别是在T 仅在患病的OSE小鼠中差异表达的转录本,而在MOG EAE中则无差异,T辅助细胞特异性转录本显着富集。这些成绩单是免疫调节途径的一部分。在仅显示轻度疾病迹象的OSE小鼠中也观察到了适应性免疫系统的激活以及人类多发性硬化症危险基因和T辅助细胞特异性转录物的富集。因此,这些表达变化可以指示疾病发作时的过程。总之,与MOG EAE相比,在OSE中差异表达的人类多发性硬化症危险基因更多,特别是在T 仅在患病的OSE小鼠中差异表达的转录本,而在MOG EAE中则无差异,T辅助细胞特异性转录本显着富集。这些成绩单是免疫调节途径的一部分。在仅显示轻度疾病迹象的OSE小鼠中也观察到了适应性免疫系统的激活以及人类多发性硬化症危险基因和T辅助细胞特异性转录物的富集。因此,这些表达变化可以指示疾病发作时的过程。总之,与MOG EAE相比,在OSE中差异表达的人类多发性硬化症危险基因更多,特别是在T 在仅显示轻度疾病迹象的OSE小鼠中也观察到了适应性免疫系统的激活以及人类多发性硬化症危险基因和T辅助细胞特异性转录物的富集。因此,这些表达变化可以指示疾病发作时的过程。总之,与MOG EAE相比,在OSE中差异表达的人类多发性硬化症危险基因更多,特别是在T 在仅显示轻度疾病迹象的OSE小鼠中也观察到了适应性免疫系统的激活以及人类多发性硬化症危险基因和T辅助细胞特异性转录物的富集。因此,这些表达变化可以指示疾病发作时的过程。总之,与MOG EAE相比,在OSE中差异表达的人类多发性硬化症危险基因更多,特别是在TH 1细胞。当研究疾病发作期间多发性硬化风险基因和途径的功能性作用及其与环境的相互作用时,自发的OSE因此可能显示出优于MOG诱导的EAE的优势。

更新日期:2020-09-20
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