Epilepsy is a chronic brain dysfunction. Current antiepileptic medicines cannot prevent epileptogenesis. Increasing data have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are selectively altered within the epileptic hippocampi of experimental models and human tissues, and these alterations affect the genes that control epileptogenesis. Furthermore, manipulation of miRNAs in animal models can modify epileptogenesis. As a result, miRNAs have been proposed as promising targets for treating epilepsy. We searched PubMed using the terms “microRNAs/miRNAs AND epilepsy”, “microRNAs/miRNAs AND epileptogenesis”, and “microRNAs/miRNAs AND seizure”. We selected the articles in which the relationship between miRNAs and target gene(s) was validated and manipulation of miRNAs in in vivo epilepsy models modified epileptogenesis during the chronic phase via gene regulation. A total of 13 miRNAs were found in the present review. Based on the current analysis of miRNAs and their target gene(s), each miRNA has limitations as a potential epilepsy target. Importantly, miR‐211 or miR‐128 transgenic mice displayed seizures. These findings highlight new developments for epileptogenesis prevention. Developing novel strategies to modify epileptogenesis will be effective in curing epilepsy patients. This article provides an overview of the clinical application of miRNAs as novel targets for epilepsy.

中文翻译：

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癫痫发生中的微小RNA和靶基因

癫痫是一种慢性脑功能障碍。目前的抗癫痫药物不能预防癫痫发生。越来越多的数据表明，microRNA (miRNA) 在实验模型和人体组织的癫痫海马中被选择性改变，这些改变会影响控制癫痫发生的基因。此外，在动物模型中操纵 miRNA 可以改变癫痫的发生。因此，已提出 miRNA 作为治疗癫痫的有希望的靶标。我们使用术语“microRNAs/miRNAs AND epilepsy”、“microRNAs/miRNAs AND epileptogenesis”和“microRNAs/miRNAs AND癫痫发作”检索了PubMed。我们选择了验证 miRNA 与靶基因之间关系的文章，并在体内癫痫模型中操纵 miRNA 通过基因调控改变了慢性期的癫痫发生。本综述共发现了 13 种 miRNA。根据目前对 miRNA 及其靶基因的分析，每种 miRNA 作为潜在的癫痫靶点都有局限性。重要的是，miR-211 或 miR-128 转基因小鼠表现出癫痫发作。这些发现突出了预防癫痫发生的新进展。开发改变癫痫发生的新策略将有效治疗癫痫患者。本文概述了 miRNA 作为癫痫新靶点的临床应用。开发改变癫痫发生的新策略将有效治疗癫痫患者。本文概述了 miRNA 作为癫痫新靶点的临床应用。开发改变癫痫发生的新策略将有效治疗癫痫患者。本文概述了 miRNA 作为癫痫新靶点的临床应用。