Abstract High energy density and low-cost anode materials are essential for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we proposed a strategy that combined electrospinning technique with water bath method to prepare a free-standing nanorod structured ZnO@carbon nanofiber (ZnO@CNF) composite film directly used anode material of LIBs. The resulting ZnO@CNF film offers a hierarchical nanorod arrays structure that can promote fast redox reaction kinetics and maintain the structural integrity of active material. Moreover, 3D conducting carbon fiber matrix enhances transportation and diffusion rate of electron and Li+. ZnO@CNF composite delivers stable cycle stability with a high specific capacity of 535 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles. Even up to 1000 mA g−1, the ZnO@CNF maintains a capacity of 425 mAh g−1. The good electrochemical performance of ZnO@CNF electrode could be attributed to the synergistic effect of the unique nanorod arrays structures and conductive network.

中文翻译：

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自支撑纳米棒结构ZnO@碳纳米纤维薄膜的简便合成及其在锂离子电池负极中的应用

摘要 高能量密度和低成本的负极材料对于锂离子电池（LIBs）至关重要。在此，我们提出了一种将静电纺丝技术与水浴法相结合的策略，以直接使用LIBs的负极材料制备自支撑纳米棒结构的ZnO@碳纳米纤维（ZnO@CNF）复合膜。由此产生的 ZnO@CNF 薄膜提供了分层纳米棒阵列结构，可以促进快速氧化还原反应动力学并保持活性材料的结构完整性。此外，3D 导电碳纤维基质提高了电子和 Li+ 的传输和扩散速率。ZnO@CNF 复合材料具有稳定的循环稳定性，在 150 次循环后具有 535 mAh g-1 的高比容量。即使高达 1000 mA g-1，ZnO@CNF 也能保持 425 mAh g-1 的容量。