Aiming at the rapid coaxiality measurement of compound gear shaft, a non-contact optical measurement scheme is proposed in this paper. According to the data points of cross-section obtained by laser displacement sensors, the data of the gear top is separated to fit the center of the section. Four circle fitting methods are compared, and the least square circle (LSC) is selected to calculate the center coordinates. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to fit the axis of the minimum containment cylinder of the centers of the spline, which is taken as the reference axis. According to the criterion of minimum containment area, the coaxiality error of bevel gear relative to spline is evaluated. The test results show that the proposed method is feasible with high measurement precision (accurate to 0.01 mm), high measurement efficiency (measuring time <2 min) and automatic control ability. The error range of 10 groups of measurement experiment is less than 0.065 mm.

针对复合齿轮轴的快速同轴度测量，提出了一种非接触式光学测量方案。根据激光位移传感器获得的横截面数据点，分离出齿轮顶部的数据以适合该截面的中心。比较了四种圆拟合方法，并选择了最小二乘圆（LSC）以计算中心坐标。粒子群优化（PSO）用于拟合样条中心的最小容纳圆柱的轴，该轴用作参考轴。根据最小容纳面积的标准，评估锥齿轮相对于花键的同轴度误差。测试结果表明，该方法可行，测量精度高（精确到0.01 mm），高测量效率（测量时间<2分钟）和自动控制能力。10组测量实验的误差范围小于0.065mm。