Rapid identification of bacterial pathogens facilitates earlier optimization of antibiotic treatment and reduces morbidity and mortality in sepsis patients. The aim of this research was to design an in-house chemical-free method for direct bacterial identification in positive blood culture (BC) broths and to compare the performance of this method with that of the commercial Sepsityper® kit. The overall species identification rates for the in-house and Sepsityper methods were 88.4% and 85.8%, respectively (n = 190). Among 146 facultative anaerobes, 92.5% and 95.9% were identified to the species level using the in-house and Sepsityper methods, respectively. For 32 anaerobic bacteria, the in-house method showed a higher species identification rate (75.0%) than the Sepsityper method (53.1%). The in-house method correctly identified more Bacteroides species (100.0%) than the Sepsityper method (18.2%). Our novel in-house method and the Sepsityper method showed a high accuracy for direct bacterial identification in positive BC broths using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

细菌病原体的快速鉴定有助于早期优化抗生素治疗并降低败血症患者的发病率和死亡率。本研究的目的是设计一种用于直接鉴定阳性血培养 (BC) 肉汤中细菌的内部无化学品方法，并将该方法的性能与商业 Sepsityper® 试剂盒的性能进行比较。内部和 Sepsityper 方法的总体物种识别率分别为 88.4% 和 85.8% ( n = 190）。在 146 种兼性厌氧菌中，92.5% 和 95.9% 分别使用内部和 Sepsityper 方法鉴定到物种水平。对于 32 种厌氧菌，内部方法显示出比 Sepsityper 方法（53.1%）更高的物种识别率（75.0%）。与 Sepsityper 方法 (18.2%) 相比，内部方法正确识别出更多的拟杆菌(100.0%)。我们的新型内部方法和 Sepsityper 方法使用基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱法在阳性 BC 肉汤中显示出直接细菌鉴定的高精度。