Bioaccumulation of heavy metals (HMs) in the food supply chain is a crucial environmental and health issue in need of urgent risk reduction action plans. This study assesses the daily intake of four HMs, i.e. cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic, and four minerals; chromium, nickel, selenium and zinc. 456 Danish food items were grouped in six food categories (grains, fruits and vegetables, oils and condiments, food rich in fats, sugar and alcohol, milk and dairy and protein-rich food items). A model of four different Danish diets (standard, carnivore, vegetarian and vegan) is presented. The probability of exceeding the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) of HMs and minerals for the four different Danish diets were calculated applying a Monte Carlo approach. While the sources to the total intake differ, there is no significant differences in the risk of exceeding the PTDI across the four dietary profiles. The risk of exceeding the PTDI across the four dietary profiles was on average 60%, 17% and 16% for cadmium, mercury and lead respectively. For total arsenic the risk of exceeding the provisional daily intake was 33%. Concerning minerals, the average probability of exceeding the recommended daily intake was 29% for chromium, 80% for selenium, 73% for nickel and 0% for zinc. Regarding the toxic limit value the probability was 12% for chromium, 17% for selenium, 52% for nickel and 0% for zinc. The results of our study emphasize the importance of implementing measures to reduce the risk cycle of HMs threatening environmental health and food safety.

食品供应链中的重金属（HMs）的生物蓄积是需要紧急降低风险行动计划的关键环境和健康问题。这项研究评估了四种重金属的每日摄入量，即镉，汞，铅和砷以及四种矿物质。铬，镍，硒和锌。456个丹麦食品项目是在六个食品类（分为谷类，水果和蔬菜，油和调味品，食用富含脂肪，糖和酒精，牛奶及奶制品和富含蛋白质的食品）。介绍了四种丹麦饮食（标准，食肉，素食和素食主义者）的模型。采用蒙特卡洛方法，计算出四种丹麦饮食均超过了HM和矿物质的每日临时允许摄入量（PTDI）的概率。虽然总摄入量的来源不同，但在四种饮食结构中超过PTDI的风险没有显着差异。在四种饮食结构中，镉，汞和铅平均超过PTDI的风险分别为60％，17％和16％。对于总砷而言，超过临时每日摄入量的风险为33％。关于矿物质，铬超过建议的每日摄入量的平均概率为铬29％，硒80％，镍73％，锌0％。关于毒性极限值，铬的机率是12％，硒的机率是17％，镍的机率是52％，锌的机率是0％。我们的研究结果强调了采取措施减少HMs威胁环境健康和食品安全的风险周期的重要性。