Increased penetration of renewable resources in power systems and consequently cut back in the inertia of the whole power system is a significant concern for Unit Commitment (UC) in terms of energy scheduling and frequency dynamics management. The new modeling of the UC problem presented in this paper provides optimal scheduling of the energy and reserve considering the frequency dynamics of the power system. In this work, impact of Wind Turbines (WT) as the clean generation and Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEV) as the energy storage system are investigated considering a less conservative probabilistic modeling uncertainty of the wind. The paper targets to protect the security of frequency dynamics taking into account the Demand Response (DR) program and contribution of PEVs succeeding a generation loss. The Frequency Dynamics-constrained Unit Commitment (FDUC) considering PEVs was formulated as a Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) problem taking into consideration DR and WTs uncertainties. The proposed MINLP problem was then reformulated by the Reformulation-Linearization Technique (RLT) to derive a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. An IEEE 6-bus power system was served as a test system to evaluate the proposed approach and simulation results of four different Case study scenarios were obtained. Results revealed that the proposed approach can ensure frequency security and reduce the operational costs.

在能源调度和频率动态管理方面，单位承诺（UC）十分关注电力系统中可再生资源的普及率，从而减少了整个电力系统的惯性。考虑到电力系统的频率动态，本文提出的UC问题的新模型提供了能量和储备的最佳调度。在这项工作中，考虑了风的概率模型不确定性较小的问题，研究了风力涡轮机（WT）作为清洁发电和插电式电动汽车（PEV）作为能量存储系统的影响。本文的目标是考虑到需求响应（DR）程序和继发电损失之后的PEV的贡献，以保护频率动态的安全性。考虑到DR和WTs的不确定性，考虑PEV的频率动力学约束单元承诺（FDUC）被表述为混合整数非线性规划（MINLP）问题。然后，通过重构线性化技术（RLT）对提出的MINLP问题进行重构，以得出混合整数线性规划（MILP）问题。IEEE 6总线电源系统用作测试系统，以评估所提出的方法，并获得了四种不同案例研究场景的仿真结果。结果表明，所提出的方法可以确保频率安全性并降低运营成本。然后，通过重构线性化技术（RLT）对提出的MINLP问题进行重构，以得出混合整数线性规划（MILP）问题。IEEE 6总线电源系统用作测试系统，以评估所提出的方法，并获得了四种不同案例研究场景的仿真结果。结果表明，所提出的方法可以确保频率安全性并降低运营成本。然后，通过重构线性化技术（RLT）对提出的MINLP问题进行重构，以得出混合整数线性规划（MILP）问题。IEEE 6总线电源系统用作测试系统，以评估所提出的方法，并获得了四种不同案例研究场景的仿真结果。结果表明，所提出的方法可以确保频率安全性并降低运营成本。