A comprehensive evaluation including residents’ physical, psychological and cultural perceptions of their community can better guiding initiatives to improve community construction. Landsenses ecology is an emerging discipline which emphasizes the combination of the environment and human’s subjective perceptions and provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive assessment of the perceptions of community residents. In this study, a three-level evaluation system of residents’ perceptions was constructed based on landsenses ecology and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, including physical perceptions (1st level), psychological perceptions (2nd level), and cultural perceptions (3rd level). Additionally, a comprehensive perception index was established based on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. By evaluating the residents’ perceptions of five typical communities in the city of Xiamen, China, it was found that the cultural perceptions of residents had significantly lower index scores than their physical and psychological perceptions, that is, the higher the perception level is, the more difficult it is to realize the residents’ demands. The results conform to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and the proposed perception levels based on landsenses ecology and verify the rationality of the present method for evaluating the residents’ perceptions of their community. These findings could provide a scientific basis for community planning and management.