Abstract An efficient hydrogen gas sensor comprising 5 wt% In2O3 doped in Pd@ZnO core-shell nanoparticles (Pd@ZnO–In2O3 CSNPs) was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal approach. The obtained material has a higher Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (80 m2 g−1) compared to Pd@ZnO (56 m2 g−1) and pure ZnO (40 m2 g−1). The Pd@ZnO–In2O3 sensor achieved the maximal response (42) to 100 ppm hydrogen at 300 °C. Whereas, Pd@ZnO and pure ZnO sensors exhibited lower responses (17 and 9) to 100 ppm hydrogen at a higher optimal temperature (350 °C). It also demonstrated faster response and recovery time (0.4 and 4.0 min) than those obtained from Pd@ZnO (1.4 and 14 min) and pure ZnO (6.0 and 18.0 min) sensors. The hydrogen sensing enhancement of Pd@ZnO–In2O3 materials could be largely attributed to the synergistic electronic and chemical activities of Pd, ZnO and In2O3 parts, and its large surface area. Especially, due to the ability to adsorb hydrogen of the core, Pd based sensors exhibited high selectivity to hydrogen with respect to Pd-free sensors.

中文翻译：

---

In2O3 掺杂 Pd@​​ZnO 核壳纳米粒子对氢气检测的高响应和选择性

摘要 通过简便的水热方法合成了一种高效的氢气传感器，该传感器包含掺杂在 Pd@ZnO 核壳纳米粒子（Pd@ZnO-In2O3 CSNPs）中的 5 wt% In2O3。与 Pd@ZnO（56 m2 g-1）和纯 ZnO（40 m2 g-1）相比，获得的材料具有更高的 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 表面积（80 m2 g-1）。Pd@ZnO–In2O3 传感器在 300 °C 下对 100 ppm 氢实现了最大响应 (42)。然而，Pd@ZnO 和纯 ZnO 传感器在较高的最佳温度（350°C）下对 100 ppm 氢表现出较低的响应（17 和 9）。它还表现出比从 Pd@ZnO（1.4 和 14 分钟）和纯 ZnO（6.0 和 18.0 分钟）传感器获得的响应和恢复时间（0.4 和 4.0 分钟）更快。Pd@ZnO-In2O3 材料的氢传感增强主要归因于 Pd 的协同电子和化学活性，ZnO 和 In2O3 部分，其表面积大。特别是，由于核心吸附氢的能力，Pd 基传感器相对于无 Pd 传感器表现出对氢的高选择性。