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Improving disasters preparedness and response for coastal communities using AIS ship tracking data
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101863
Samsul Islam , Floris Goerlandt , Xuran Feng , Mohammad Jasim Uddin , Yangyan Shi , Casey Hilliard

Many coastal communities are heavily dependent on maritime transportation for the ingress and egress of people and goods. Any major transportation disruption can have a significant negative impact on the safety, health and wellbeing of affected communities, this is due to the interruption in the availability of food and the supply medicines and fuel. Therefore, preparedness and the forward planning of an effective response are essential for successful emergency and recovery management. Accordingly, in this study, the concept of using AIS (Automatic Identification System) vessel tracking data has been applied for the study of disaster management in coastal communities. The AIS vessel tracking system has been an important development in navigational safety; this is because it continuously transmits important information to all other vessels about a particular vessel (including its position, identity, speed and route). One of the limitations of the AIS tracking system is that AIS data does not indicate commodity specifications: that is, the quantity of essential goods that each vessel is carrying to specified coastal communities. To overcome the limitation of the current AIS tracking system, we use an artificial neural network as an estimation tool. In the current study, AIS data are assessed and analyzed in addition to the augmentation of the capacity information of vessels; thus, the study develops a predictive model so that a relief manager can determine the actual needs of affected residents and thus be able to make responsible relief decisions (e.g., how much relief a disaster-affected community is likely to need). The study makes a unique contribution as its focus seeks to remedy the total lack of research on how to use AIS data in disaster operations.



中文翻译:

使用AIS船舶跟踪数据改善沿海社区的灾难准备和响应

许多沿海社区严重依赖海上运输人员和货物的进出。任何重大的交通中断都可能对受影响社区的安全,健康和福祉产生重大负面影响,这是由于食品,药品和燃料供应中断所致。因此,有效应对的准备和前期计划对于成功的紧急情况和恢复管理至关重要。因此,在本研究中,使用AIS(自动识别系统)船只跟踪数据的概念已被用于沿海社区的灾害管理研究。AIS船舶跟踪系统是航行安全的重要发展。这是因为它不断向其他所有船只发送有关特定船只的重要信息(包括其位置,身份,速度和路线)。AIS跟踪系统的局限性之一是AIS数据不能指示商品规格:即,每艘船运送到指定沿海社区的必需品数量。为了克服当前AIS跟踪系统的局限性,我们使用人工神经网络作为估计工具。在当前的研究中,除了增加船只的容量信息外,还对AIS数据进行评估和分析。因此,该研究开发了一种预测模型,以便救济经理可以确定受影响居民的实际需求,从而能够做出负责任的救济决定(例如,受灾社区可能需要多少救济)。这项研究做出了独特的贡献,因为它的重点是要弥补有关在灾难行动中如何使用AIS数据的研究的全部不足。

更新日期:2020-10-05
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