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Development of a benthic foraminifera based marine biotic index (Foram-AMBI) for the Gulf of Mexico: A decision support tool
Ecological Indicators ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106916
Bryan J. O'Malley , Patrick T. Schwing , Michael Martínez-Colón , Silvia Spezzaferri , Maria L. Machain-Castillo , Rebekka A. Larson , Gregg R. Brooks , Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández , David J. Hollander

The Gulf of Mexico (GoM) is an economically important region (e.g. oil and gas, fisheries) and with the expansion of oil drilling, harmful algal bloom events, oil blowouts, dead zones, anthropogenic eutrophication and contaminant loading, it is important that the ecological quality statuses (EcoQS) of different localities in the Gulf are closely monitored. The EcoQS, as implemented by the European Water Framework Directive, is an effective tool for monitoring ecological health and developing reference conditions. One such index used to define EcoQS is the AZTI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI), which pairs species abundance with environmental stressors. Benthic foraminifera are ideal specimens to populate the index due to their varying environmental sensitivities among species, preservation potential, and high diversity and abundance in nearly every marine environment. To calculate the benthic foraminiferal AMBI (Foram-AMBI), species are assigned to one of five groups ranging from sensitive (I) to first-order opportunists (V) based on their correlation to total organic matter and sediment grain size. This study constructs a Foram-AMBI from benthic foraminifera assemblages collected at 59 sites throughout the GoM. This approach provides reference EcoQS for the GoM and will satisfy the need for widespread geospatial coverage in the case of future natural or anthropogenic disturbances. This study provides a master assignment list of 155 species and identification plates of 44 of those species from a depth range of 42 m-2975 m. The development of a GoM Foram-AMBI encourages collaborative partnerships between academic scientists and living resource managers throughout the GoM to operationalize, refine and implement the Foram-AMBI as a decision support tool.



中文翻译:

为墨西哥湾开发基于底栖有孔虫的海洋生物指数(Foram-AMBI):一种决策支持工具

墨西哥湾(GoM)是一个重要的经济地区(例如,石油和天然气,渔业),并且随着石油钻探,有害藻华事件,石油井喷,死区,人为富营养化和污染物负荷的扩大,重要的是海湾不同地区的生态质量状况(EcoQS)受到密切监测。欧洲水框架指令实施的EcoQS是监测生态健康和发展参考条件的有效工具。用于定义EcoQS的此类指数之一是AZTI海洋生物指数(AMBI),该指数将物种丰富度与环境胁迫因素配对。底栖有孔虫是理想的标本,因为它们在物种之间的环境敏感性,保存潜力,以及几乎每个海洋环境中的高度多样性和丰富性。为了计算底栖有孔虫AMBI(Foram-AMBI),根据物种与总有机质和沉积物颗粒大小的相关性,将其分配给从敏感(I)到一级机会主义者(V)的五个组中的一个。这项研究从整个GoM的59个地点收集的底栖有孔虫组合构建了一个Foram-AMBI。这种方法为GoM提供了参考EcoQS,并且在将来发生自然或人为干扰时,将满足对广泛的地理空间覆盖的需求。这项研究提供了155种物种的主任务列表,以及42 m至2975 m深度范围内这些物种中的44种的识别板。

更新日期:2020-09-20
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