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A novel approach for assessing the ports’ environmental impacts in real time – The IoT based port environmental index
Ecological Indicators ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106949
Matija Široka , Stjepan Piličić , Teodora Milošević , Ignacio Lacalle , Luka Traven

In recent years, exchange of goods around the world has mostly been done by the sea, which increased the pollution coming from the port areas. Activities connected with shipping and handling of goods in ports may harm both human health and the environment. These activities include different (mostly diesel-fueled) machinery used in ports, resulting in air emissions including GHG, NOX, SOX, PM, etc. Besides air pollution, port activities affect noise, light, and odor emission, waste accumulation and water pollution. Existing methodologies for estimating environmental impacts of port activities are mostly qualitative and include self-assessment methods which can often lead to biased results. Because of that, there is a need for a quantitative, industry-validated, and cohesive method that would give more accurate results. In this article, the Port Environmental Index (PEI) which has all the attributes described above will be presented. The PEI mission is to integrate all of the main environmental aspects of port such as air emission, waste production, water pollution, noise, light, and odor pollution into one metric that can then be used to assess the port performance and make comparison between ports. The PEI is made as a quantitative composite index based on aggregations of individual indicators for significant aspects of port operations. It includes different indices according to the source of the emission; the Ship Environmental Index (SEI), the Terminal Environmental Index (TEI), and the Port Authority Environmental Index (PAEI). While designing the PEI, correctly choosing the environmental impacts is paramount to properly identify port activities and associated environmental aspects. After their identification, for each significant aspect, a set of representative environmental key performance indicators (eKPIs) is identified. Afterwards, a series of mathematical operations are to be applied: normalization, weighting and aggregation. In this short communication, those methods are outlined yet not definitively chosen. The main idea behind the PEI is to use quantitative, data-based information collected automatically leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) techniques making it possible to assess the environmental impacts of port operations in real-time. The advantages of having such metric in the environmental management plan of a port are numerous. Amongst the most remarkable, it allows inter-port comparison and it can be used for decision making to estimate the impacts using one single metric rather than having many disperse values. Moreover, it can be used by ports for estimating their environmental performance and progress. Since it is based on information collected using IoT technologies provided in real-time, ports can make immediate corrections in their activities.



中文翻译:

一种实时评估港口环境影响的新颖方法–基于物联网的港口环境指数

近年来,世界范围内的货物交换大部分是通过海上进行的,这增加了来自港口地区的污染。与港口运输和处理货物有关的活动可能会危害人类健康和环境。这些活动包括港口使用的不同(主要是柴油驱动的)机械,导致空气排放,包括GHG,NO X和SO X,PM等。除空气污染外,港口活动还会影响噪音,光线和气味排放,废物积累和水污染。现有的评估港口活动对环境的影响的方法大多是定性的,包括自我评估方法,这些方法通常会导致结果有偏见。因此,需要一种定量的,经过行业验证的,具有凝聚力的方法,以提供更准确的结果。在本文中,将介绍具有上述所有属性的港口环境指数(PEI)。PEI的任务是将港口的所有主要环境方面(例如空气排放,废物产生,水污染,噪声,光线和气味污染)整合到一个度量标准中,然后该度量标准可用于评估港口性能并在港口之间进行比较。PEI是基于港口运营重要方面的各个指标的总和而制成的定量综合指标。根据排放源包括不同的指标;船舶环境指数(SEI),码头环境指数(TEI)和港口管理局环境指数(PAEI)。在设计PEI时,正确选择环境影响对于正确识别港口活动和相关的环境方面至关重要。在对它们进行识别之后,对于每个重要方面,都会识别出一组具有代表性的环境关键绩效指标(eKPI)。之后,将应用一系列数学运算:归一化,加权和聚合。在简短的交流中,概述了这些方法,但并未明确选择。PEI的主要思想是使用基于物联网(IoT)技术自动收集的基于数据的定量信息,从而可以实时评估港口运营对环境的影响。在港口的环境管理计划中具有这种度量标准的优点很多。其中最显着的是,它允许端口间比较,并且可以用于决策,以使用一个单一度量标准而不是具有多个分散值来估计影响。此外,港口可将其用于评估其环境绩效和进展。由于它基于使用实时提供的IoT技术收集的信息,因此港口可以立即对其活动进行更正。利用物联网(IoT)技术自动收集基于数据的信息,从而可以实时评估港口运营对环境的影响。在港口的环境管理计划中具有这种度量标准的优点很多。其中最显着的是,它允许端口间比较,并且可以用于决策,以使用一个度量而不是具有多个分散值来估计影响。此外,港口可将其用于评估其环境绩效和进展。由于它基于使用实时提供的IoT技术收集的信息,因此港口可以立即对其活动进行更正。利用物联网(IoT)技术自动收集基于数据的信息,从而可以实时评估港口运营对环境的影响。在港口的环境管理计划中具有这种度量标准的优点很多。其中最显着的是,它允许端口间比较,并且可以用于决策,以使用一个单一度量标准而不是具有多个分散值来估计影响。此外,港口可将其用于评估其环境绩效和进展。由于它基于使用实时提供的IoT技术收集的信息,因此港口可以立即对其活动进行更正。在港口的环境管理计划中具有这种度量标准的优点很多。其中最显着的是,它允许端口间比较,并且可以用于决策,以使用一个单一度量标准而不是具有多个分散值来估计影响。此外,港口可将其用于评估其环境绩效和进展。由于它基于使用实时提供的IoT技术收集的信息,因此港口可以立即对其活动进行更正。在港口的环境管理计划中具有这种度量标准的优点很多。其中最显着的是,它允许端口间比较,并且可以用于决策,以使用一个单一度量标准而不是具有多个分散值来估计影响。此外,港口可将其用于评估其环境绩效和进展。由于它基于使用实时提供的IoT技术收集的信息,因此港口可以立即对其活动进行更正。港口可以使用它来评估其环境绩效和进度。由于它基于使用实时提供的IoT技术收集的信息,因此港口可以立即对其活动进行更正。港口可以使用它来评估其环境绩效和进度。由于它基于使用实时提供的IoT技术收集的信息,因此港口可以立即对其活动进行更正。

更新日期:2020-09-20
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