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Multi-day rTMS exerts site-specific effects on functional connectivity but does not influence associative memory performance
Cortex ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.08.028
Joshua Hendrikse 1 , James P Coxon 1 , Sarah Thompson 1 , Chao Suo 1 , Alex Fornito 1 , Murat Yücel 1 , Nigel C Rogasch 2
Affiliation  

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique with the capacity to modulate brain network connectivity and cognitive function. Recent studies have demonstrated long-lasting improvements in associative memory and resting-state connectivity following multi-day repetitive TMS (rTMS) to individualised parietal-hippocampal networks. We aimed to assess the reproducibility and network- and cognitive-specificity of these effects following multi-day rTMS. Participants received four days of 20 Hz rTMS to a subject-specific region of left lateral parietal cortex exhibiting peak functional connectivity to the left hippocampus. In a separate week, the same stimulation protocol was applied to a subject-specific region of pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) exhibiting peak functional connectivity to the left putamen. We assessed changes to associative memory before and after each week of stimulation (N = 39), and changes to resting-state functional connectivity before and after stimulation in week one (N = 36). We found no evidence of long-lasting enhancement of associative memory or increased parieto-hippocampal connectivity following multi-day rTMS to the parietal cortex, nor increased pre-SMA-putamen connectivity following multi-day rTMS to pre-SMA. Instead, we observed some evidence of site-specific modulations of functional connectivity lasting ~24 h, with reduced connectivity within targeted networks and increased connectivity across distinct non-targeted networks. Our findings suggest a complex interplay between multi-day rTMS and network connectivity. Further work is required to develop reliable rTMS paradigms for driving changes in functional connectivity between cortical and subcortical regions.



中文翻译:

多日rTMS对功能连接性具有特定于站点的影响,但不影响关联的内存性能

经颅磁刺激(TMS)是一种非侵入性脑刺激技术,具有调节脑网络连通性和认知功能的能力。最近的研究表明,经过多天的重复TMS(rTMS)到个体化的壁-海马网络,联想记忆和静止状态连接得到了长期的改善。我们的目的是评估多天rTMS后这些效应的可重复性以及网络和认知特异性。参与者接受了四天的20 Hz rTMS,到达受试者的左侧外侧顶叶皮层特定区域,该区域显示出与左侧海马的功能连接性最高。在单独的一周中,将相同的刺激方案应用于补充运动区(pre-SMA)的受试者特定区域,该区域对左壳核的功能连接性达到峰值。我们评估了在刺激的每个星期前后(N = 39)的联想记忆的变化,以及在刺激的第一周(N = 36)之前和之后的静止状态功能连接的变化。我们发现没有证据表明在多天rTMS到顶叶皮质后多天rTMS后联想记忆会持续增强或增加顶叶-海马连接,在多天rTMS到SMA前也没有增加SMA前-丘脑连接。取而代之的是,我们观察到了一些证据,表明特定位置的功能连接性调制持续了约24小时,目标网络内的连接性降低,而不同目标网络之间的连接性增加。我们的发现表明,多日rTMS与网络连接之间存在复杂的相互作用。

更新日期:2020-10-11
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