The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 epidemic to be a global pandemic in March 2020. COVID-19 is an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus that utilizes the angiotensin-2 converting enzyme to penetrate thyroid and pituitary cells, and may result in a “cytokine storm”. Based on the pathophysiological involvement of the pituitary-thyroid axis, the current review discusses the diagnosis of abnormal thyroid function test, and the management of patients presenting with thyrotoxicosis, thyroid-associated orbitopathy and hypothyroidism in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

中文翻译：

---

甲状腺疾病和 SARS-CoV-2 感染：从病理生理机制到患者管理。

世界卫生组织 (WHO) 于 2020 年 3 月宣布 COVID-19 疫情为全球大流行病。COVID-19 是由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的感染，SARS-CoV-2 是一种利用血管紧张素 2 转化酶穿透甲状腺和垂体细胞，并可能导致“细胞因子风暴”。基于垂体-甲状腺轴的病理生理学参与，本综述讨论了甲状腺功能检查异常的诊断，以及在 SARS-CoV-2 感染背景下出现甲状腺毒症、甲状腺相关性眼眶病和甲状腺功能减退症患者的管理。