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Exploring the effectiveness of drainage water management on water budgets and nitrate loss using three evaluation approaches
Agricultural Water Management ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106501
Vinayak S. Shedekar , Kevin W. King , Norman R. Fausey , Khandakar R. Islam , Alfred B.O. Soboyejo , Margaret M. Kalcic , Larry C. Brown

Abstract Subsurface (tile) drainage is a necessary practice for economic crop production in humid, poorly drained regions of the world. Drainage water management (DWM), also known as controlled drainage, is among the suite of practices designed to mitigate water quality issues associated with subsurface drainage. Studies evaluating DWM generally include field experiments or simulation models to estimate water quality impacts. Combining field studies with model simulations can provide a more comprehensive assessment. Furthermore, using multiple approaches can provide a range of effectiveness rather than a single estimate, which can help define the uncertainty associated with DWM effectiveness. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the variability in estimated DWM effectiveness using 10 years of measured data and a calibrated hydrologic model. The study field, located in central Ohio, was under a free drainage (FD) mode from 2005 through 2008, and under DWM from 2009 through 2014. We used three approaches to compare discharge and nitrate concentrations and loads: before-and-after, paired-field, and DRAINMOD-NII simulated scenarios. Based on the three evaluation approaches, DWM increased surface runoff by 50% (∼13 mm), reduced annual drainage discharge between 8 and 23% (∼19 to 69 mm), annual mean NO3-N concentrations between −1 and 2.5%, and NO3-N loads between 9 and 25% (∼2.8 to 10.3 kg ha−1 yr−1). DWM also reduced the frequency of drainage discharge, and increased magnitudes of surface runoff, evapotranspiration, and seepage losses. The true magnitude of DWM effectiveness remains somewhat uncertain, especially in fields prone to seepage and runoff losses. However, using a combined assessment approach can help address the uncertainty associated with estimated DWM effectiveness at watershed and regional scales.

中文翻译:

使用三种评估方法探索排水管理对水预算和硝酸盐损失的有效性

摘要 地下(瓦)排水是世界潮湿、排水不良地区经济作物生产的必要措施。排水管理 (DWM),也称为受控排水,是旨在缓解与地下排水相关的水质问题的一系列实践之一。评估 DWM 的研究通常包括现场实验或模拟模型来估计水质影响。将现场研究与模型模拟相结合可以提供更全面的评估。此外,使用多种方法可以提供一系列有效性而不是单一估计,这有助于定义与 DWM 有效性相关的不确定性。本研究的目标是使用 10 年的测量数据和校准的水文模型来证明估计 DWM 有效性的可变性。该研究田位于俄亥俄州中部,2005 年至 2008 年处于自由排水 (FD) 模式,2009 年至 2014 年处于 DWM 模式。我们使用三种方法来比较排放和硝酸盐浓度和负荷:之前和之后,成对场和 DRAINMOD-NII 模拟场景。基于三种评估方法,DWM 使地表径流增加了 50%(~13 毫米),年排水量减少了 8% 到 23%(~19 到 69 毫米),年平均 NO3-N 浓度在 -1 到 2.5% 之间, NO3-N 负载在 9% 到 25% 之间(~2.8 到 10.3 kg ha-1 yr-1)。DWM 还减少了排水排放的频率,并增加了地表径流、蒸散和渗流损失的幅度。DWM 有效性的真实大小仍然有些不确定,特别是在容易发生渗漏和径流损失的领域。然而,
更新日期:2021-01-01
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