The increasingly serious traffic congestion makes the bus system more and more inefficient. It is recognized all over the world that designing an attractive bus transit network is primordial to alleviate traffic congestion and reduce pollution, but it is a big challenge from an economic and technical point of view. In the literature, dedicated bus lanes are generally set up to improve the efficiency of bus transit network without considering bus line planning. This study investigates a new bi-objective bus line planning and lane reservation integrated optimization problem that is a complex combinatorial optimization problem. The objective is to minimize the total travel time of passengers and the lane reservation negative impact, simultaneously. For the problem, a bi-objective integer linear programming model is first formulated and the problem complexity is proved to be NP-hard. Then, problem properties are explored to reduce search space for optimal solutions, and an iterative and fuzzy method based on \(\varepsilon \)-constraint is proposed to yield the Pareto frontier and suggest a preferred solution for decision-makers. Experimental results on a case study and randomly generated instances demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model and method.

日益严重的交通拥堵使公交系统的效率越来越低。在世界范围内，设计一个有吸引力的公交网络以减轻交通拥堵和减少污染为首要任务，但是从经济和技术角度来看，这是一个巨大的挑战。在文献中，通常在不考虑公交线路规划的情况下建立专用公交专用道来提高公交网络的效率。这项研究调查了一个新的双目标公交线路规划和车道预留综合优化问题，它是一个复杂的组合优化问题。目的是使乘客的总旅行时间和对车道预订的负面影响同时最小化。对于这个问题 首先建立了一个双目标整数线性规划模型，证明了问题的复杂性是NP难的。然后，探索问题的性质以减少寻找最优解的搜索空间，并提出了一种基于模糊算法的迭代模糊方法。建议使用（（varepsilon \）- constraint产生Pareto边界，并为决策者提供一种首选解决方案。案例研究和随机生成的实例的实验结果证明了所提出的模型和方法的有效性和效率。