Quick response research conducted by social scientists in the aftermath of a disaster can reveal important findings about hazards and their impacts on communities. Research to collect perishable data, or data that will change or be lost over time, immediately following disaster has been supported for decades by two programs in the United States, amassing a collection of quick response studies and an associated research culture. That culture is currently being challenged to better address power imbalances between researchers and disaster-affected participants. Until recently, Canada has not had a quick response grant program. In order to survey the state of knowledge and draw from it in helping to shape the new program in Canada, this article systematically analyzes the body of research created by the two US programs. The results reveal a wide-ranging literature: the studies are theoretically, conceptually, topically, and methodologically quite unique to one another. This diversity might appropriately reflect the nature of disasters, but the finding that many studies are not building on previous quick response research and other insights indicate opportunities for how a new grant program in Canada can contribute to growing a robust subdiscipline of disaster research.

社会科学家在灾难后进行的快速响应研究可以揭示有关灾害及其对社区的影响的重要发现。数十年来，美国有两项计划支持了收集易腐数据或随时间变化或丢失的数据的研究，这项计划在美国已有两项计划得到了支持，这些计划积累了快速反应研究和相关的研究文化。目前正在挑战这种文化，以更好地解决研究人员与受灾者之间的权力失衡问题。直到最近，加拿大还没有快速响应拨款计划。为了调查知识状况并从中汲取知识来帮助制定加拿大的新计划，本文系统地分析了这两个美国计划创建的研究内容。结果揭示了范围广泛的文献：这些研究在理论，概念，主题和方法上都非常独特。这种多样性可能适当地反映了灾害的性质，但发现许多研究并未建立在先前的快速反应研究之上，而其他见解则表明了加拿大新的赠款计划如何有助于发展强大的灾害研究子学科的机会。