Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) crop is vulnerable to many abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, waterlogging, cold and high temperature due to climate change. Over the past few decades new breeding and genomic approaches have been used to enhance the genotypic performance under abiotic stress conditions. In sugarcane, introgression of genes from wild species and allied genera for abiotic stress tolerance traits plays a significant role in the development of several stress-tolerant varieties. Moreover, the genomics and transcriptomics approaches have helped to elucidate the key genes/TFs and pathways involved in abiotic stress tolerance in sugarcane. Several novel miRNAs families /proteins or regulatory elements that are responsible for drought, salinity, and cold tolerance have been identified through high-throughput sequencing. The existing sugarcane monoploid genome sequence information opens new gateways and opportunities for researchers to improve the desired traits through efficient genome editing tools, such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-Cas (CRISPR/Cas) system. TALEN mediated mutations in a highly conserved region of the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) of sugarcane significantly reduces the lignin content in the cell wall which is amenable for biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. In this review, we focus on current breeding with genomic approaches and their substantial role in enhancing cane production under the abiotic stress conditions, which is expected to provide new insights to plant breeders and biotechnologists to modify their strategy in developing stress-tolerant sugarcane varieties, which can highlight the future demand of cane, bio-energy, and viability of sugar industries.

甘蔗（甘蔗 spp.)作物易受气候变化引起的干旱、盐碱、涝害、寒冷和高温等多种非生物胁迫的影响。在过去的几十年中，新的育种和基因组方法已被用于提高非生物胁迫条件下的基因型性能。在甘蔗中，来自野生物种和近缘属的非生物胁迫耐受性状基因的渗入在几种胁迫耐受性品种的开发中起着重要作用。此外，基因组学和转录组学方法有助于阐明参与甘蔗非生物胁迫耐受性的关键基因/转录因子和途径。已经通过高通量测序确定了几个负责干旱、盐度和耐寒性的新型 miRNA 家族/蛋白质或调控元件。现有的甘蔗单倍体基因组序列信息为研究人员提供了新的途径和机会，可以通过高效的基因组编辑工具（例如成簇规律间隔的短回文重复 Cas (CRISPR/Cas) 系统）来改善所需性状。TALEN 介导的高度保守区域的突变甘蔗的咖啡酸 O-甲基转移酶(COMT) 显着降低了细胞壁中的木质素含量，这适用于从木质纤维素生物质生产生物燃料。在这篇综述中，我们关注当前的基因组育种方法及其在非生物胁迫条件下提高甘蔗产量的重要作用，这有望为植物育种者和生物技术专家提供新的见解，以修改他们开发抗逆甘蔗品种的策略，这可以突出甘蔗、生物能源和糖业的生存能力的未来需求。