Dietary changes induce posttranslational modifications of microbial proteins to alter metabolite production Chronic kidney disease affects 9% of the global population (1) and can have severe impacts on both the individual and societal levels. Although various conditions, such as diabetes, are well known risk factors for chronic kidney disease, in recent years interest has been growing regarding a potential role for the gut microbiota in modulating outcomes in kidney disease (2). Simultaneously, in the microbiology field, there has been a growing appreciation for the intersection of diet and the gut microbiota as a driver of changes in host health (3). To date, a common model has been that diet acts to alter the relative abundances (or diversity) of gut microbes, which can then lead to changes in gut microbial metabolite production (4). However, on page 1518 of this issue, Lobel et al. (5) report that diet can posttranslationally modify the gut microbial proteome, which can alter microbial metabolite production to drive changes in renal function.

中文翻译：

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肾脏疾病中的肠道微生物群

饮食变化诱导微生物蛋白质的翻译后修饰以改变代谢物的产生慢性肾病影响全球 9% 的人口 (1) 并且可能对个人和社会水平产生严重影响。尽管糖尿病等各种疾病是众所周知的慢性肾病危险因素，但近年来，人们越来越关注肠道微生物群在调节肾病结果方面的潜在作用 (2)。同时，在微生物学领域，人们越来越认识到饮食和肠道微生物群的交叉是宿主健康变化的驱动因素 (3)。迄今为止，一个常见的模型是饮食会改变肠道微生物的相对丰度（或多样性），然后会导致肠道微生物代谢物产生的变化 (4)。然而，在本期第 1518 页上，Lobel 等人。(5) 报道饮食可以在翻译后修饰肠道微生物蛋白质组，这可以改变微生物代谢物的产生以驱动肾功能的变化。