After 45 years of its first observation, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has become an ultrasensitive tool applied in chemical analysis, materials science, and biomedical research. SERS-active nanomaterials, such as noble metals, transition metals, and semiconductors, have undergone extensive development. The hybridization of semiconductors with plasmonic metal nanomaterials is highly effective in boosting light harvesting and conversion, which enables the rapid growth of metal–semiconductor hybrid nanostructures in SERS-based research fields. With the combination of the unique photoelectric properties and giant SERS signals attributed to the synergistic contribution of plasmons and change transfer (CT), metal–semiconductor heterostructures allow diverse and novel applications of SERS in CT investigations for the rational design of photovoltaic devices and ultrasensitive chemical or biological sensing. In this review, we specifically discuss SERS-active metal–semiconductor heterostructures including their building blocks, enhancement mechanisms, and applications. Moreover, we highlight the current challenges and opportunities for future research in this field based on our recent studies and other related research.

中文翻译：

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用于表面增强拉曼散射的金属-半导体异质结构：等离子体和电荷转移的协同作用

经过 45 年的首次观察，表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS) 已成为应用于化学分析、材料科学和生物医学研究的超灵敏工具。SERS活性纳米材料，如贵金属、过渡金属和半导体，已经经历了广泛的发展。半导体与等离子体金属纳米材料的杂化在促进光捕获和转换方面非常有效，这使得金属-半导体杂化纳米结构在基于 SERS 的研究领域中快速生长。结合独特的光电特性和巨大的 SERS 信号，归因于等离子激元和变化转移 (CT) 的协同贡献，金属-半导体异质结构允许 SERS 在 CT 研究中的多样化和新颖的应用，以合理设计光伏器件和超灵敏的化学或生物传感。在这篇综述中，我们特别讨论了 SERS 活性金属-半导体异质结构，包括它们的构建模块、增强机制和应用。此外，根据我们最近的研究和其他相关研究，我们强调了该领域未来研究的当前挑战和机遇。