This study investigates the magnetisation process of a martensitic Ni–Mn–Ga thin film with microstructure optimized to obtain a unidirectional and reversible magnetisation jump. The study has been realised by a thorough vector magnetometry characterisation and supported by micromagnetic modelling, considering different orientations of the applied field with respect to the symmetry directions of the sample. The model has been built on the film microstructure and experimental characteristics. The main features of the magnetisation curves measured along the film symmetry directions can be well reproduced by the micromagnetic model, that is, neglecting structural and magnetostructural contributions to the free energy. The model also well reproduces the field-dependent behaviour of the transverse magnetisation components. The agreement demonstrates that the spatial organisation of magnetocrystalline anisotropy axes due to martensitic twinning has a dominant effect on the magne...

中文翻译：

---

洞悉马氏体Ni-Mn-Ga膜的磁化过程：微磁和矢量磁化研究

这项研究调查了马氏体Ni-Mn-Ga薄膜的磁化过程，该薄膜的微观结构经过优化以获得单向和可逆的磁化跃迁。考虑到外加磁场相对于样品对称方向的不同取向，该研究已通过全面的矢量磁法表征得以实现，并得到了微磁建模的支持。该模型建立在薄膜的微观结构和实验特性上。沿薄膜对称方向测量的磁化曲线的主要特征可以通过微磁模型很好地重现，即忽略了结构和磁结构对自由能的贡献。该模型还很好地再现了横向磁化分量的场相关行为。