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Potential pathogenicity determinants identified from structural proteomics of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.
Molecular Biology and Evolution ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 , DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa231
Erica T Prates 1, 2 , Michael R Garvin 1, 2 , Mirko Pavicic 1, 2 , Piet Jones 2, 3 , Manesh Shah 4 , Omar Demerdash 1 , B Kirtley Amos 5 , Armin Geiger 2, 3 , Daniel Jacobson 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Affiliation  

Despite SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 being equipped with highly similar protein arsenals, the corresponding zoonoses have spread among humans at extremely different rates. The specific characteristics of these viruses that led to such distinct outcomes remain unclear. Here, we apply proteome-wide comparative structural analysis aiming to identify the unique molecular elements in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome that may explain the differing consequences. By combining protein modeling and molecular dynamics simulations, we suggest non-conservative substitutions in functional regions of the spike glycoprotein (S), nsp1, and nsp3 that are contributing to differences in virulence. Particularly, we explain why the substitutions at the receptor-binding domain of S affect the structure-dynamics behavior in complexes with putative host receptors. Conservation of functional protein regions within the two taxa is also noteworthy. We suggest that the highly conserved main protease, nsp5, of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 is part of their mechanism of circumventing the host interferon antiviral response. Overall, most substitutions occur on the protein surfaces and may be modulating their antigenic properties and interactions with other macromolecules. Our results imply that the striking difference in the pervasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV among humans seems to significantly derive from molecular features that modulate the efficiency of viral particles in entering the host cells and blocking the host immune response.

中文翻译:

从SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2的结构蛋白质组学中鉴定出潜在的致病因素。

尽管SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2配备了高度相似的蛋白质武库,但相应的人畜共患病却以极不相同的速率在人类中传播。导致这种不同结果的这些病毒的具体特征仍不清楚。在这里,我们应用蛋白质组范围内的比较结构分析,旨在确定SARS-CoV-2蛋白质组中可以解释不同结果的独特分子元素。通过结合蛋白质建模和分子动力学模拟,我们建议在尖峰糖蛋白(S),nsp1和nsp3的功能区中进行非保守取代,这会导致毒力差异。特别地,我们解释了为什么在S的受体结合域上的取代会影响与推定的宿主受体复合物中的结构动力学行为。在两个分类单元内的功能蛋白区域的保守性也值得注意。我们建议SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2的高度保守的主要蛋白酶nsp5是其规避宿主干扰素抗病毒反应的机制的一部分。总的来说,大多数取代发生在蛋白质表面,可能正在调节它们的抗原特性以及与其他大分子的相互作用。我们的研究结果表明,SARS-CoV-2和SARS-CoV在人类中的普遍性差异显着,这似乎主要来自调节病毒颗粒进入宿主细胞并阻断宿主免疫反应效率的分子特征。SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2的耐药性是它们规避宿主干扰素抗病毒反应的机制的一部分。总的来说,大多数取代发生在蛋白质表面,可能正在调节它们的抗原特性以及与其他大分子的相互作用。我们的研究结果表明,SARS-CoV-2和SARS-CoV在人类中的普遍性差异显着,这似乎主要来自调节病毒颗粒进入宿主细胞并阻断宿主免疫反应效率的分子特征。SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2的耐药性是它们规避宿主干扰素抗病毒反应的机制的一部分。总的来说,大多数取代发生在蛋白质表面,可能正在调节它们的抗原特性以及与其他大分子的相互作用。我们的研究结果表明,SARS-CoV-2和SARS-CoV在人类中的普遍性差异显着,这似乎主要来自调节病毒颗粒进入宿主细胞并阻断宿主免疫反应效率的分子特征。
更新日期:2020-09-18
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