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Complex evolution of light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductases in aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs: origin, phylogeny and function.
Molecular Biology and Evolution ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-15 , DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa234
Olga Chernomor 1 , Lena Peters 2 , Judith Schneidewind 2 , Anita Loeschcke 2 , Esther Knieps-Grünhagen 2 , Fabian Schmitz 2 , Eric von Lieres 3 , Roger Jan Kutta 4 , Vera Svensson 2 , Karl-Erich Jaeger 2, 3 , Thomas Drepper 2 , Arndt von Haeseler 1, 5 , Ulrich Krauss 2, 3
Affiliation  

Light-dependent and dark-operative protochlorophyllide oxidoreductases (LPORs and DPORs) are evolutionary and structurally distinct enzymes that are essential for the synthesis of (bacterio)chlorophyll, the primary pigment needed for both anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis. In contrast to the long-held hypothesis that LPORs are only present in oxygenic phototrophs, we recently identified a functional LPOR in the aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium (AAPB) Dinoroseobacter shibae, and attributed its presence to a single horizontal gene transfer (HGT) event from cyanobacteria. Here, we provide evidence for the more widespread presence of genuine LPOR enzymes in AAPBs. An exhaustive bioinformatics search identified 36 putative LPORs outside of oxygenic phototrophic bacteria (cyanobacteria) with the majority being AAPBs. Using in vitro and in vivo assays, we show that the large majority of the tested AAPB enzymes are genuine LPORs. Solution structural analyses, performed for two of the AAPB LPORs, revealed a globally conserved structure when compared to a well-characterized cyanobacterial LPOR. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that LPORs were transferred not only from cyanobacteria, but also subsequently between proteobacteria and from proteobacteria to Gemmatimonadetes. Our study thus provides another interesting example for the complex evolutionary processes that govern the evolution of bacteria, involving multiple HGT events that likely occurred at different time points and involved different donors.

中文翻译:

光依赖原绿叶素氧化还原酶在有氧产氧光养菌中的复杂演变:起源,系统发育和功能。

光依赖性和黑暗作用的原叶绿素原体氧化还原酶(LPOR和DPOR)是进化和结构上不同的酶,对于合成(细菌)叶绿素是必不可少的,而叶绿素是无氧和光合作用的主要色素。长期以来一直存在的假设是LPOR仅存在于含氧光养菌中,相比之下,我们最近在有氧产氧光养菌(AAPB)芝芝(Dinoroseobacter shibae)中发现了功能性LPOR。,并将其存在归因于蓝细菌的单个水平基因转移(HGT)事件。在这里,我们为AAPBs中真正LPOR酶的广泛存在提供了证据。详尽的生物信息学搜索确定了除氧光养细菌(蓝细菌)外的36个推定的LPOR,其中大多数为AAPB。使用体外体内试验,我们显示,大多数测试的AAPB酶是真正的LPOR。对两个AAPB LPOR进行的溶液结构分析表明,与特征明确的蓝细菌LPOR相比,该结构具有全局保守性。系统发育分析表明,LPORs不仅从蓝细菌转移,而且随后在蛋白细菌之间以及从蛋白细菌转移至芽孢杆菌。因此,我们的研究为控制细菌进化的复杂进化过程提供了另一个有趣的例子,涉及可能在不同时间点发生并涉及不同供体的多个HGT事件。
更新日期:2020-09-18
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