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Assessing the Toxicity of Leachates From Weathered Plastics on Photosynthetic Marine Bacteria Prochlorococcus
Frontiers in Marine Science ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 , DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.571929
Indrani Sarker , Lisa R. Moore , Ian T. Paulsen , Sasha G. Tetu

Marine plastic pollution is a well-recognized, global problem. Research addressing plastic pollution has largely focused on investigating impacts on macroorganisms, with few studies investigating effects on marine microbes. We previously showed that marine Prochlorococcus, which are important contributors to oceanic primary production, suffer declines in growth and photosynthetic activity following exposure to leachates from new plastic bags (HDPE) and plastic matting (PVC). However, as such plastics reside in the environment they will be subject to weathering processes, so it is also important to consider how these may alter the composition and amounts of substances available to leach. Here we report on how plastic leachate toxicity is affected by environmental weathering (17- and 112-days in estuarine water) of these common plastic materials. We found that while toxicity was reduced by weathering, materials weathered for up to 112-days continued to leach substances that negatively affected Prochlorococcus growth, photophysiology and membrane integrity. Weathered plastics were found to continue to leach zinc, even after up to 112-days in the environment. The two Prochlorococcus strains tested, NATL2A and MIT9312, showed differences in the sensitivity and timing of their responses, indicating that exposure to leachate from weathered plastics may affect even closely related strains to different degrees. As many marine regions inhabited by Prochlorococcus are likely to be subject to continued accumulation of plastic pollution, our findings highlight the potential for ongoing impacts on these important primary producers.

中文翻译:

评估风化塑料渗滤液对光合海洋细菌原绿球藻的毒性

海洋塑料污染是一个公认的全球性问题。解决塑料污染的研究主要集中在调查对大型生物的影响,很少有研究调查对海洋微生物的影响。我们之前表明,海洋原绿球藻是海洋初级生产的重要贡献者,在接触新塑料袋 (HDPE) 和塑料垫 (PVC) 的渗滤液后,其生长和光合作用活动会下降。然而,由于此类塑料存在于环境中,因此它们将受到风化过程的影响,因此考虑这些可能如何改变可浸出物质的组成和数量也很重要。在这里,我们报告了这些常见塑料材料的环境风化(在河口水中 17 天和 112 天)如何影响塑料渗滤液的毒性。我们发现,虽然风化降低了毒性,但风化长达 112 天的材料继续浸出对原绿球藻生长、光生理学和膜完整性产生负面影响的物质。研究发现,即使在环境中长达 112 天后,风化的塑料仍会继续浸出锌。测试的两种原绿球藻菌株 NATL2A 和 MIT9312 在其反应的敏感性和时间上表现出差异,表明暴露于风化塑料的渗滤液可能会在不同程度上影响甚至密切相关的菌株。由于原绿球藻栖息的许多海洋区域可能会受到塑料污染的持续积累,我们的研究结果强调了对这些重要初级生产者持续影响的潜力。风化长达 112 天的材料继续浸出对原绿球藻生长、光生理学和膜完整性产生负面影响的物质。研究发现,即使在环境中长达 112 天后,风化的塑料仍会继续浸出锌。测试的两种原绿球藻菌株 NATL2A 和 MIT9312 在其反应的敏感性和时间上表现出差异,表明暴露于风化塑料的渗滤液可能会在不同程度上影响甚至密切相关的菌株。由于原绿球藻栖息的许多海洋区域可能会受到塑料污染的持续积累,我们的研究结果强调了对这些重要初级生产者持续影响的潜力。风化长达 112 天的材料继续浸出对原绿球藻生长、光生理学和膜完整性产生负面影响的物质。研究发现,即使在环境中长达 112 天后,风化的塑料仍会继续浸出锌。测试的两种原绿球藻菌株 NATL2A 和 MIT9312 在其反应的敏感性和时间上表现出差异,表明暴露于风化塑料的渗滤液可能会在不同程度上影响甚至密切相关的菌株。由于原绿球藻栖息的许多海洋区域可能会受到塑料污染的持续积累,我们的研究结果强调了对这些重要初级生产者持续影响的潜力。光生理学和膜完整性。研究发现,即使在环境中长达 112 天后,风化的塑料仍会继续浸出锌。测试的两种原绿球藻菌株 NATL2A 和 MIT9312 在其反应的敏感性和时间上表现出差异,表明暴露于风化塑料的渗滤液可能会在不同程度上影响甚至密切相关的菌株。由于原绿球藻栖息的许多海洋区域可能会受到塑料污染的持续积累,我们的研究结果强调了对这些重要初级生产者持续影响的潜力。光生理学和膜完整性。研究发现,即使在环境中长达 112 天后,风化的塑料仍会继续浸出锌。测试的两种原绿球藻菌株 NATL2A 和 MIT9312 在其反应的敏感性和时间上表现出差异,表明暴露于风化塑料的渗滤液可能会在不同程度上影响甚至密切相关的菌株。由于原绿球藻栖息的许多海洋区域可能会受到塑料污染的持续积累,我们的研究结果强调了对这些重要初级生产者持续影响的潜力。这表明暴露于风化塑料的渗滤液可能会在不同程度上影响甚至密切相关的菌株。由于原绿球藻栖息的许多海洋区域可能会受到塑料污染的持续积累,我们的研究结果强调了对这些重要初级生产者持续影响的潜力。这表明暴露于风化塑料的渗滤液可能会在不同程度上影响甚至密切相关的菌株。由于原绿球藻栖息的许多海洋区域可能会受到塑料污染的持续积累,我们的研究结果强调了对这些重要初级生产者持续影响的潜力。
更新日期:2020-09-17
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