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Mixed Effectiveness of REDD+ Subnational Initiatives after 10 Years of Interventions on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Forests ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 , DOI: 10.3390/f11091005
Edward A. Ellis , José Antonio Sierra-Huelsz , Gustavo Celestino Ortíz Ceballos , Citlalli López Binnqüist , Carlos R. Cerdán

Since 2010, the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) mechanism has been implemented in Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula, a biodiversity hotspot with persistent deforestation problems. We apply the before-after-control-intervention approach and quasi-experimental methods to evaluate the effectiveness of REDD+ interventions in reducing deforestation at municipal (meso) and community (micro) scales. Difference-in-differences regression and propensity score matching did not show an overall reduction in forest cover loss from REDD+ projects at both scales. However, Synthetic Control Method (SCM) analyses demonstrated mixed REDD+ effectiveness among intervened municipalities and communities. Funding agencies and number of REDD+ projects intervening in a municipality or community did not appear to affect REDD+ outcomes. However, cattle production and commercial agriculture land uses tended to impede REDD+ effectiveness. Cases of communities with important forestry enterprises exemplified reduced forest cover loss but not when cattle production was present. Communities and municipalities with negative REDD+ outcomes were notable along the southern region bordering Guatemala and Belize, a remote forest frontier fraught with illegal activities and socio-environmental conflicts. We hypothesize that strengthening community governance and organizational capacity results in REDD+ effectiveness. The observed successes and problems in intervened communities deserve closer examination for REDD+ future planning and development of strategies on the Yucatan Peninsula.

中文翻译:

在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛进行了10年的干预后,REDD +地方计划的混合效果

自2010年以来,在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛(尤卡坦半岛(Yucatan Peninsula))实施了减少毁林和退化造成的排放(REDD +)机制,这是一个持续存在毁林问题的生物多样性热点。我们采用控制后干预之前的方法和准实验方法,以评估REDD +干预措施在减少市政(中观)和社区(微观)规模森林砍伐方面的有效性。差异差异回归和倾向得分匹配在两个尺度上都没有显示出REDD +项目造成的森林覆盖率总体下降。但是,综合控制方法(SCM)分析表明,在干预的市镇和社区中,REDD +的效果不尽相同。在市政当局或社区中进行干预的资助机构和REDD +项目的数量似乎并未影响REDD +的成果。然而,牛的生产和商业农业土地的使用往往会阻碍REDD +的有效性。拥有重要林业企业的社区的例子表明,森林覆盖率的下降有所减少,但当牲畜出现时却没有。在危地马拉和伯利兹接壤的南部地区,REDD +结果呈负数的社区和市政当局非常引人注目,这是一个偏远的森林边境,到处都是非法活动和社会环境冲突。我们假设加强社区治理和组织能力会导致REDD +的有效性。尤达坦半岛上关于REDD +未来规划和战略发展的观察值得干预社区中观察到的成功和问题。拥有重要林业企业的社区的例子表明,森林覆盖率的下降有所减少,但当牲畜出现时却没有。在危地马拉和伯利兹接壤的南部地区,REDD +结果呈负数的社区和市政当局非常引人注目,这是一个偏远的森林边境,到处都是非法活动和社会环境冲突。我们假设加强社区治理和组织能力会导致REDD +的有效性。尤达坦半岛上有关REDD +的未来规划和战略发展的观察,值得深入研究。拥有重要林业企业的社区的例子表明,森林覆盖率的下降有所减少,但当牲畜出现时却没有。在危地马拉和伯利兹接壤的南部地区,REDD +结果呈负数的社区和市政当局非常引人注目,这是一个偏远的森林边境,到处都是非法活动和社会环境冲突。我们假设加强社区治理和组织能力会导致REDD +的有效性。尤达坦半岛上有关REDD +的未来规划和战略发展的观察,值得深入研究。在危地马拉和伯利兹接壤的南部地区,REDD +成果呈负数的社区和市政当局非常引人注目,这是一个偏远的森林边境,到处都是非法活动和社会环境冲突。我们假设加强社区治理和组织能力会导致REDD +的有效性。尤达坦半岛上关于REDD +的未来规划和战略发展,应仔细观察在干预社区中观察到的成功和问题。在危地马拉和伯利兹接壤的南部地区,REDD +结果呈负数的社区和市政当局非常引人注目,这是一个偏远的森林边境,到处都是非法活动和社会环境冲突。我们假设加强社区治理和组织能力会导致REDD +的有效性。尤达坦半岛上有关REDD +的未来规划和战略发展的观察,值得深入研究。
更新日期:2020-09-18
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