Materials with tailored spectral absorptance properties are essential for the effective photothermal conversion of sunlight. This study demonstrates that solar-selective absorption properties can be achieved by the disordered amorphous pattern structures formed by the spinodal decomposition of a nickel superalloy, in contrast to many other techniques of tailoring spectral properties by employing ordered structures such as photonic crystals. The study reveals that short-range ordered structures can be obtained via spinodal decomposition by controlling the annealing conditions. Short-range ordered nanostructures are crucial to achieving high absorptance over a broad range in the solar spectrum and low emittance in the thermal radiation range from the absorber because of the Anderson localization effect. Corresponding to the spectrally selective absorption, the advantages of blackbody-like absorption are demonstrated by analyzing the performance factor of photothermal conversion. Using the spinodal decomposition process, it is possible to fabricate these structures on large-scale areas and nonplanar surfaces. Therefore, this technology is expected to increase the efficiency of various solar thermal energy systems.

中文翻译：

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用于太阳能选择性吸收剂的镍高温合金旋节线分解形成的非晶纳米孔图案

具有定制的光谱吸收特性的材料对于有效的阳光光热转换至关重要。这项研究表明，与许多其他通过采用有序结构（例如光子晶体）来调整光谱特性的技术相反，通过镍超合金的旋节线分解形成的无序无定形图案结构可以实现太阳能选择性吸收特性。研究表明，通过控制退火条件，可以通过旋节线分解获得短程有序结构。由于安德森定位效应，短程有序纳米结构对于在太阳光谱的宽范围内实现高吸收率以及在吸收体的热辐射范围内实现低发射率至关重要。对应于光谱选择性吸收，通过分析光热转换的性能因子来证明黑体状吸收的优点。使用旋节线分解工艺，可以在大面积区域和非平面表面上制造这些结构。因此，预期该技术将提高各种太阳能热能系统的效率。