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Reactive oxygen species mediate anlotinib-induced apoptosis via activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress in pancreatic cancer.
Cell Death & Disease ( IF 9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 , DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02938-4
Liguo Yang 1 , Xiaoshu Zhou 2 , Jinrui Sun 1 , Qianghui Lei 1 , Qi Wang 1 , Di Pan 1 , Mingxing Ding 1 , Yi Ding 1
Affiliation  

Anlotinib (AL3818), a novel multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has recently been proven to be an antitumour drug. This study aimed to explore the antitumour effect of anlotinib and its underlying molecular mechanisms in human pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. The anti-proliferative effect of anlotinib for three PC cell lines was validated using CCK-8, colony formation and EdU detection assays. Cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection assays, a PC xenograft model and immunohistochemistry were performed to elucidate the mechanisms by which anlotinib induced tumour lethality in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrated that anlotinib inhibited proliferation, induced G2/M phase arrest and triggered apoptosis in PC cell lines. Anlotinib induced PC’s apoptosis through the accumulation of ROS which activated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress via PERK/p-eIF2α/ATF4 pathway. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the expression level of Nrf2, an antioxidant protein, increased with anlotinib treatment. Nrf2 knockdown enhanced the pro-apoptotic effect of anlotinib and the expression of the PERK/p-eIF2α/ATF4 pathway. The in vivo results suggested that suppressing Nrf2 improved the antitumour effect of anlotinib on PC cells. These data indicated that the apoptotic effect of anlotinib on PC cells was induced by ER stress via the accumulation of ROS. In the future, anlotinib combined with an Nrf2 inhibitor may provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of human PC.



中文翻译:

活性氧通过激活胰腺癌中的内质网应激介导安罗替尼诱导的细胞凋亡。

安罗替尼 (AL3818) 是一种新型的多靶点受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,最近已被证明是一种抗肿瘤药物。本研究旨在探讨安罗替尼的抗肿瘤作用及其在人胰腺癌 (PC) 细胞中的潜在分子机制。使用 CCK-8、集落形成和 EdU 检测分析验证了安罗替尼对三种 PC 细胞系的抗增殖作用。进行细胞周期、细胞凋亡和活性氧 (ROS) 检测分析、PC 异种移植模型和免疫组织化学,以阐明安罗替尼在体外和体内诱导肿瘤致死的机制。这些结果表明,安罗替尼抑制增殖,诱导 G2/M 期阻滞并触发 PC 细胞系的细胞凋亡。安罗替尼通过 ROS 的积累诱导 PC 细胞凋亡,ROS 通过 PERK/p-eIF2α/ATF4 通路激活内质网 (ER) 应激。此外,我们证明了 Nrf2(一种抗氧化蛋白)的表达水平随着安罗替尼治疗而增加。Nrf2 敲低增强了安罗替尼的促凋亡作用和 PERK/p-eIF2α/ATF4 通路的表达。体内结果表明,抑制 Nrf2 可提高安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的抗肿瘤作用。这些数据表明安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的凋亡作用是由 ER 应激通过 ROS 的积累诱导的。未来,安罗替尼联合Nrf2抑制剂可能为人类PC的治疗提供新的治疗策略。我们证明了 Nrf2(一种抗氧化蛋白)的表达水平随着安罗替尼治疗而增加。Nrf2 敲低增强了安罗替尼的促凋亡作用和 PERK/p-eIF2α/ATF4 通路的表达。体内结果表明,抑制 Nrf2 可提高安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的抗肿瘤作用。这些数据表明安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的凋亡作用是由 ER 应激通过 ROS 的积累诱导的。未来,安罗替尼联合Nrf2抑制剂可能为人类PC的治疗提供新的治疗策略。我们证明了 Nrf2(一种抗氧化蛋白)的表达水平随着安罗替尼治疗而增加。Nrf2 敲低增强了安罗替尼的促凋亡作用和 PERK/p-eIF2α/ATF4 通路的表达。体内结果表明,抑制 Nrf2 可提高安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的抗肿瘤作用。这些数据表明安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的凋亡作用是由 ER 应激通过 ROS 的积累诱导的。未来,安罗替尼联合Nrf2抑制剂可能为人类PC的治疗提供新的治疗策略。体内结果表明,抑制 Nrf2 可提高安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的抗肿瘤作用。这些数据表明安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的凋亡作用是由 ER 应激通过 ROS 的积累诱导的。未来,安罗替尼联合Nrf2抑制剂可能为人类PC的治疗提供新的治疗策略。体内结果表明,抑制 Nrf2 可提高安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的抗肿瘤作用。这些数据表明安罗替尼对 PC 细胞的凋亡作用是由 ER 应激通过 ROS 的积累诱导的。未来,安罗替尼联合Nrf2抑制剂可能为人类PC的治疗提供新的治疗策略。

更新日期:2020-09-18
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