ABSTRACT

In ‘Yali’ pears (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) there is extra tissue formed on one side of the fruit, near the pedicel, causing a shape like a duck head termed Yatu, which is based on the Chinese phonetic alphabets of the raised duck head. The cell number of Yatu tissue has been known to be a direct factor influencing Yatu formation. The Yatu formation status among the fruits within an inflorescence is different, although the reason is not yet clear. Here, the per cent of first-order fruits with Yatu was 1.36 times higher than that of sixth-order fruits. The fruits with typical Yatu in first-order fruits were 3.52 times higher than in sixth-order fruits. The shorter peduncles of first-order fruits developed with a 1.25 times greater diameter compared to sixth-order fruits. The longitudinal diameter of the cross-section of vascular bundles was significantly higher in first-order fruits than in sixth-order fruits. The relatively higher GA₃ and ZR levels, lower ABA content at second day before bloom (DBB) promoted the vascular bundle development. These results suggest that the well-developed vascular bundles, relatively higher GA₃ content, and lower ABA content promoted Yatu development. The first-order fruits have a higher ability to form Yatu than sixth-order fruits.

摘要

在'Yali'梨中（Pyrus bretschneideriRehd。）在水果的一侧，靠近花梗的地方形成了多余的组织，形成了像鸭头的形状，称为Yatu，这是基于扬起的鸭头的中文语音字母的。已知Yatu组织的细胞数是影响Yatu形成的直接因素。花序中的果实之间的Yatu形成状态不同，尽管原因尚不清楚。在这里，Yatu一阶水果的百分比是六阶水果的1.36倍。一阶水果中具有典型Yatu的水果是六阶水果中的3.52倍。与六阶果实相比，一阶果实较短的花序梗直径大1.25倍。一阶水果的血管束横截面的纵向直径显着高于六阶水果。相对较高的GA₃和ZR水平，开花前第二天（DBB）较低的ABA含量促进了血管束的发育。这些结果表明，良好的血管束，相对较高的GA ₃含量和较低的ABA含量促进了Yatu的发育。一阶水果比六阶水果具有更高的形成Yatu的能力。