We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of microwave ablation and entecavir as a combination treatment for primary liver cancer and their effects on hepatitis B virus (HBV) and liver function. A total of 258 patients were randomly allocated into the study group (n = 129) for treatment with microwave ablation and entecavir or the control group (n = 129) for treatment with microwave ablation alone. The levels of liver function indicators and serum HBV-DNA were determined in all patients before and after treatment. While no difference in total effective rate was observed, the levels of TBIL, AST, and ALT were decreased and the level of ALP was increased after treatment in both groups, and the change was more significant in the study group. Compared with that in the control group, the HBV-DNA levels were significantly decreased in the study group. The study group also had higher KPS scores, higher 2-year survival rates, lower recurrence rates, and a lower incidence of adverse reactions. Compared with microwave ablation alone, microwave ablation and entecavir as a combination treatment can improve liver function, serum HBV-DNA levels, and QOL in patients with primary liver cancer.

我们旨在评估微波消融和恩替卡韦作为原发性肝癌联合治疗的疗效及其对乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和肝功能的影响。总共258例患者被随机分配至研究组（n  = 129），以微波消融和恩替卡韦治疗或对照组（n = 129）仅用于微波消融治疗。测定治疗前后所有患者的肝功能指标和血清HBV-DNA水平。尽管两组的总有效率没有差异，但两组治疗后TBIL，AST和ALT的水平均降低，而ALP的水平则升高，并且在研究组中变化更为显着。与对照组相比，研究组的HBV-DNA水平明显降低。研究组还具有更高的KPS评分，更高的2年生存率，更低的复发率以及更低的不良反应发生率。与单独微波消融相比，微波消融和恩替卡韦联合治疗可改善原发性肝癌患者的肝功能，血清HBV-DNA水平和QOL。