ABSTRACT In the scheduling of nutrient supply programs, analysis of plant nutrient status has been found to be useful to prevent the deficiency or toxic effects of nutrients in any horticultural crop. So the present study was framed to assess the foliage nutrient content and vegetative growth under different irrigation and fertigation combination modules. Recently apple (Malus ×domestica) orchards in the state Himachal Pradesh of India have converted from the traditional royal delicious orchard at 6 × 6 m spacing with rainfed/basin irrigation to early spur varieties on dwarfing rootstock with drip irrigation, both with or without fertigation. An experimental field trial was started at the end of 2018 in a ‘Super Chief’/MM106 orchard at an experimental farm of the department of Soil Science & Water Management, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). A factorial experiment with 16 treatment combinations of 4 irrigation levels viz. I1 – drip irrigation at 100% ETc, I2 – drip irrigation at 80% ETc, I3 – drip irrigation at 60% ETc, I4 – conventional irrigation, and four fertigation levels viz. F0 – No fertilizer application (absolute control), F1 – 100% of AD (NPK), F2 – 75% of AD (NPK) and F3 – 50% of AD (NPK) were replicated thrice with 3 plants in each replication. Vegetative growth parameters and leaf nutrient contents were affected by both fertilization and water rate. Irrigation and nutrient levels and their interactions exhibited significant effect on leaf N (3.10%), P (0.28%), K (1.77%), and S (0.44%) contents. Significantly maximum contents were observed in the irrigation level I1 (DI at 100% ETc). Among fertigation level, F1 [100% AD (NPK)] recorded highest contents of leaf N (3.17%), P (0.29%), K (1.80%), S (0.46%). Interaction I1F1 registered maximum leaf N (3.36%), P (0.36%), K (1.92%) and S (0.63%). With an increase in the water volume and an increasing dose of NPK, vegetative growth parameters, i.e., tree height, plant spread, tree volume, trunk girth, and annual extension growth were noted to increase proportionately. Treatment DI at 100% ETc (I1), increased the tree height by 9.41, plant spread (EW by 32.0, NS by 16.3), tree volume by 61.36, trunk girth by 8.05, and annual extension growth by 14.22% over conventional irrigation (I4). Drip fertigated trees with F1 [100% AD (NPK)] reported the highest growth parameters. The results of two years apple trial suggested a positive effect of fertigation on enhanced effectiveness of fertilization and improved foliage nutrient content and vegetative growth.

中文翻译：

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喜马拉雅西北地区不同灌溉施肥方式下超级苹果的营养生长和叶片营养成分

摘要 在养分供应计划的安排中，已发现对植物养分状况的分析有助于防止任何园艺作物中养分的缺乏或毒性影响。因此，本研究旨在评估不同灌溉和施肥组合模块下的叶子养分含量和营养生长。最近，印度喜马偕尔邦的苹果 (Malus ×domestica) 果园已从传统的 6 × 6 m 间距的皇家美味果园，采用雨养/盆灌，转变为采用滴灌矮化砧木的早期马刺品种，无论是否施肥. 2018 年底，土壤科学与水管理系实验农场的“超级酋长”/MM106 果园开始了一项田间试验。YS Parmar 园艺与林业大学，Nauni, Solan (HP)。具有 4 个灌溉水平的 16 个处理组合的析因实验，即。I1 – 100% ETc 滴灌，I2 – 80% ETc 滴灌，I3 – 60% ETc 滴灌，I4 – 常规灌溉，以及四种施肥水平，即。F0 – 不施肥（绝对控制）、F1 – 100% 的 AD (NPK)、F2 – 75% 的 AD (NPK) 和 F3 – 50% 的 AD (NPK) 重复三次，每次复制 3 株植物。营养生长参数和叶片养分含量受施肥和浇水量的影响。灌溉和养分水平及其相互作用对叶片 N (3.10%)、P (0.28%)、K (1.77%) 和 S (0.44%) 含量有显着影响。在灌溉水平 I1（DI 在 100% ETc）中观察到显着的最大含量。在施肥水平中，F1 [100% AD (NPK)] 记录的叶 N (3.17%)、P (0.29%)、K (1.80%)、S (0.46%) 含量最高。相互作用 I1F1 记录了最大叶 N (3.36%)、P (0.36%)、K (1.92%) 和 S (0.63%)。随着水量的增加和 NPK 剂量的增加，营养生长参数，即树高、植物蔓延、树体积、树干周长和年延伸生长量均按比例增加。100% ETc (I1) 的处理 DI，与常规灌溉相比，树高增加了 9.41，植物蔓延（EW 增加了 32.0，NS 增加了 16.3），树木体积增加了 61.36，树干周长增加了 8.05，年延伸增长增加了 14.22%（ I4)。具有 F1 [100% AD (NPK)] 的滴灌施肥树木报告了最高的生长参数。