Apolygus lucorum (Miridae) is an omnivorous pest that occurs worldwide and is notorious for the serious damage it causes to various crops and substantial economic losses. Although some studies have examined the biological characteristics of the mirid bug, no reference genome is available in Miridae, limiting in‐depth studies of this pest. Here, we present a chromosome‐scale reference genome of A. lucorum, the first sequenced Miridae species. The assembled genome size was 1.02 Gb with a contig N50 of 785 kb. With Hi‐C scaffolding, 1,016 Mb contig sequences were clustered, ordered and assembled into 17 large scaffolds with scaffold N50 length 68 Mb, each corresponding to a natural chromosome. Numerous transposable elements occur in this genome and contribute to the large genome size. Expansions of genes associated with omnivorousness and mesophyll feeding such as those related to digestion, chemosensory perception, and detoxification were observed in A. lucorum, suggesting that gene expansion contributed to its strong environmental adaptability and severe harm to crops. We clarified that a salivary enzyme polygalacturonase is unique in mirid bugs and has significantly expanded in A. lucorum, which may contribute to leaf damage from this pest. The reference genome of A. lucorum not only facilitates biological studies of Hemiptera as well as an understanding of the damage mechanism of mesophyll feeding, but also provides a basis on which to develop efficient control technologies for mirid bugs.

中文翻译：

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Apolygus lucorum 基因组提供了对杂食性和叶肉摄食的见解。

Apolygus lucorum (Miridae) 是世界范围内发生的杂食性害虫，因其对多种作物造成严重破坏和重大经济损失而臭名昭著。虽然一些研究已经检查了紫蝽的生物学特性，但在紫蝽科中没有可用的参考基因组，限制了对这种害虫的深入研究。在这里，我们提出了A. lucorum的染色体尺度参考基因组，第一个测序的 Miridae 物种。组装的基因组大小为 1.02 Gb，contig N50 为 785 kb。使用 Hi-C 支架，1,016 Mb contig 序列被聚类、排序并组装成 17 个大支架，支架 N50 长度为 68 Mb，每个支架对应一个天然染色体。许多转座因子出现在这个基因组中，并导致基因组变大。在A. lucorum中观察到与杂食性和叶肉摄食相关的基因扩增，例如与消化、化学感应和解毒相关的基因，表明基因扩增导致其强大的环境适应性和对作物的严重危害。我们澄清了一种唾液酶多聚半乳糖醛酸酶在 mirid bug 中是独一无二的，并且在A. lucorum 中已经显着扩展，这可能会导致这种害虫的叶子受损。A. lucorum的参考基因组不仅有利于半翅目的生物学研究和了解叶肉取食的损害机制，而且为开发有效的昆虫控制技术提供了基础。