It is an effective way to obtain high performance supercapacitors by increasing the surface area and conductivity of electrode materials. In this paper, three‐dimensional (3D) graphene with a small pore size, good electrical conductivity and high mechanical strength is fabricated by chemical vapor deposition using nickel nanoparticles as the template. Then, a polyaniline nanowire arrays (PANI NWAs)/3D graphene composite is fabricated by in‐situ polymerization. Due to the high conductivity and unique nano‐structure, the as‐prepared PANI NWAs/3D graphene composite exhibits an excellent capacitance of 680 F g⁻¹ at current density of 1 A g⁻¹. Moreover, a symmetric supercapacitor based on the PANI NWAs/3D graphene composite is assembled, and it shows an energy density of 6.43 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 0.4 kW kg⁻¹. The assembled supercapacitor also exhibits a good cycling stability, which retains 78 % of its initial specific capacitance after 1000 cycles.

中文翻译：

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新型超级电容器用聚苯胺纳米线阵列/三维石墨烯复合材料

这是通过增加电极材料的表面积和电导率来获得高性能超级电容器的有效方法。本文以镍纳米粒子为模板，通过化学气相沉积法制备了孔径小，导电性好，机械强度高的三维（3D）石墨烯。然后，通过原位聚合制备聚苯胺纳米线阵列（PANI NWAs）/ 3D石墨烯复合材料。由于高电导率和独特的纳米结构，所制备的PANI NWAs / 3D石墨烯复合材料在1 A g ^-1的电流密度下显示出680 F g ^-1的出色电容。此外，组装了基于PANI NWAs / 3D石墨烯复合材料的对称超级电容器，其能量密度为6.43 Wh kg^-1，功率密度为0.4 kW kg ^-1。组装好的超级电容器还具有良好的循环稳定性，在1000次循环后仍可保持其初始比电容的78％。