Exposure to harmful algal blooms (HABs) can lead to well recognised acute patterns of illness in humans. The objective of this scoping review was to use an established methodology and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) reporting framework to map the evidence for associations between marine HABs and observed both acute and chronic human health effects. A systematic and reproducible search of publications from 1985 until May 2019 was conducted using diverse electronic databases. Following de-duplication, 5301 records were identified, of which 380 were included in the final qualitative synthesis. The majority of studies (220; 57.9%) related to Ciguatera Poisoning. Anecdotal and case reports made up the vast majority of study types (242; 63.7%), whereas there were fewer formal epidemiological studies (35; 9.2%). Only four studies related to chronic exposure to HABs. A low proportion of studies reported the use of human specimens for confirmation of the cause of illness (32; 8.4%). This study highlighted gaps in the evidence base including a lack of formal surveillance and epidemiological studies, limited use of toxin measurements in human samples, and a scarcity of studies of chronic exposure. Future research and policy should provide a baseline understanding of the burden of human disease to inform the evaluation of the current and future impacts of climate change and HABs on human health.

暴露于有害藻华（HABs）会导致人类公认的急性疾病。范围界定审查的目的是使用既定的方法和PRISMA（系统评价和元分析的首选报告项目）报告框架来绘制海洋HAB之间关联的证据，并观察急性和慢性人类健康影响。使用各种电子数据库，对1985年至2019年5月之间的出版物进行了系统且可重复的搜索。重复数据删除后，确定了5301条记录，其中380条记录包含在最终的定性合成中。大多数研究（220; 57.9％）与Ciguatera中毒有关。轶事和病例报告占绝大多数研究类型（242； 63.7％），而正式的流行病学研究较少（35； 9）。2％）。只有四项研究与长期暴露于HAB有关。仅有低比例的研究报告使用人体标本确认病因（32； 8.4％）。这项研究强调了证据基础上的差距，包括缺乏正式的监测和流行病学研究，人体样品中毒素检测方法的使用有限以及缺乏关于慢性暴露的研究。未来的研究和政策应提供对人类疾病负担的基线了解，以评估气候变化和HAB对人类健康的当前和未来影响。这项研究强调了证据基础上的差距，包括缺乏正式的监测和流行病学研究，人体样品中毒素检测方法的使用有限以及缺乏关于慢性暴露的研究。未来的研究和政策应提供对人类疾病负担的基线了解，以评估气候变化和HAB对人类健康的当前和未来影响。这项研究强调了证据基础上的差距，包括缺乏正式的监测和流行病学研究，人体样品中毒素检测方法的使用有限以及缺乏关于慢性暴露的研究。未来的研究和政策应提供对人类疾病负担的基线了解，以评估气候变化和HAB对人类健康的当前和未来影响。