The new demands, the climate change and challenges set by society intend to generate major reductions in the heating and cooling demands of buildings. However, conventional measures to improve the performance of the building envelope can easily reduce the heating demand and, in many cases, worsen the cooling behaviour of the building. Therefore, we need innovative solutions that provide high heating performance and use natural heat sinks to cool the building's thermal mass when in cooling mode. This work describes and tests a solution consisting of a façade built as a precast concrete element with high thermal inertia. This solution integrates different natural cooling techniques as a natural sink. For that, it has different modes of operation when in cooling mode, which allow it to adapt to the needs of the building and the natural resources available to guarantee high performance. To evaluate the impact of the three operating modes of the proposed solution, an experimental prototype has been built and tested over two summers. This experimentation, combined with an inverse thermal characterisation model, has made it possible to estimate the real impact of three passive cooling measures (nocturnal storage of cold in the thermal mass of the façade element, nocturnal ventilation of the building itself through the façade element and pre-cooling of the air before entering the chamber by using the evaporative system). All these measures are presented as different possible modes of operation of the described solution, with hardly any extra cost on the base solution, but with a considerable energy impact.

新的需求，气候变化和社会提出的挑战旨在大幅减少建筑物的供暖和制冷需求。然而，用于改善建筑物围护结构性能的常规措施可以容易地减少供暖需求，并且在许多情况下，会恶化建筑物的制冷性能。因此，我们需要创新的解决方案，这些解决方案应具有较高的供暖性能，并在冷却模式下使用自然散热器来冷却建筑物的热量。这项工作描述并测试了一种解决方案，该解决方案由具有高热惯性的预制混凝土构件立面构成。该解决方案将不同的自然冷却技术集成为自然水槽。因此，在制冷模式下，它具有不同的操作模式，从而使其能够适应建筑物的需求和可用的自然资源以保证高性能。为了评估提出的解决方案的三种操作模式的影响，已构建了一个实验原型，并在两个夏天进行了测试。该实验与逆热特征模型相结合，使我们有可能估算出三种被动冷却措施的实际影响（立面元素的热质量中的夜间夜间存储，立面元素对建筑物本身的夜间通风和通过使用蒸发系统在进入腔室之前对空气进行预冷却）。所有这些措施均作为所描述解决方案的不同可能操作模式提出，基本解决方案几乎没有任何额外成本，但对能源的影响却很大。